Targeting TR4 nuclear receptor suppresses prostate cancer invasion via reduction of infiltrating macrophages with alteration of the TIMP-1/MMP2/MMP9 signals.

Targeting TR4 nuclear receptor suppresses prostate cancer invasion via reduction of infiltrating macrophages with alteration of the TIMP-1/MMP2/MMP9 signals.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12943-014-0281-1
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发表时间:
2015-01-27
期刊:
影响因子:
37.3
通讯作者:
Chang C
Chang C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ding X;Yang DR;Xia L;Chen B;Yu S;Niu Y;Wang M;Li G;Chang C

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TR 4核受体4(TR 4)在心血管疾病的巨噬细胞相关泡沫细胞形成中起重要作用,浸润性巨噬细胞对前列腺癌(PCa)的进展至关重要。然而,巨噬细胞和TR 4的联系及其对PCa转移的影响仍不清楚。在人PCa细胞(C4-2,CWR 22 Rv 1)中敲低TR 4,但在人巨噬细胞(THP-1)中不敲低TR 4,导致抑制巨噬细胞浸润到PCa细胞。这种抑制巨噬细胞向PCa募集的结果导致抑制PCa细胞侵袭。机制解剖发现,在PCa细胞中敲低TR 4抑制转移相关基因,包括MMP 2,诱导TIMP-1。然后使用TIMP-1中和抗体的中断测定可以逆转TR 4-巨噬细胞介导的PCa侵袭。免疫组化结果显示Gleason评分5 + 4组与Gleason评分3 + 3组相比,肿瘤组织中TR 4水平升高,巨噬细胞浸润增多,TIMP-1水平降低,MMP 2/MMP 9水平升高。靶向前列腺肿瘤微环境中的TR 4可能代表一种潜在的新治疗方法,以更好地对抗PCa转移。本文的在线版本(doi:10.1186/s12943-014-0281-1)包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
TR4 nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) plays an important role in macrophages-associated foam cell formation of cardiovascular diseases and infiltrating macrophages are critical for prostate cancer (PCa) progression. However, the linkage of macrophages and TR4 and their impacts on PCa metastasis remains unclear. Knocking-down TR4 in human PCa cells (C4-2, CWR22Rv1), but not in human macrophages cells (THP-1), led to suppress the macrophages infiltration to PCa cells. The consequences of such suppression of the recruitment of macrophages toward PCa then resulted in suppressing the PCa cell invasion. Mechanism dissection found that knocking-down TR4 in PCa cells suppressed metastasis-related genes including MMP2, with induction of TIMP-1. Interruption assays using TIMP-1 neutralizing antibody could then reverse TR4-macrophage-mediated PCa invasion. IHC staining showed higher TR4 level, more macrophage infiltration, lower TIMP-1 and stronger MMP2/MMP9 in tumor tissues of the Gleason score 5 + 4 patients compared with the Gleason score 3 + 3 patients. Targeting TR4 in prostate tumor microenvironment might represent a potential new therapeutic approach to better battle PCa metastasis. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-014-0281-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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