Environmental fluctuations and their effects on microbial communities, populations and individuals.
Environmental fluctuations and their effects on microbial communities, populations and individuals.
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环境波动及其对微生物群落，人口和个人的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/femsre/fuaa068
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发表时间：
2021-08-17
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Stocker R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen J;Lara-Gutiérrez J;Stocker R
从人类健康的稳态到地球元素的循环，微生物活动是环境、医疗和工业过程的基础。这些活动发生在高度动态的化学和物理环境中，细菌会经历波动。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论细菌如何在其环境中经历空间和时间异质性，即各种时间尺度（秒到季节）和类型（营养物、阳光、流体流动等）的时间波动。然后，我们主要关注营养波动，讨论细菌群落、种群和单细胞如何响应环境波动。总体而言，我们发现，与条件随时间保持恒定的环境相比，环境波动无处不在且多样化，并且强烈影响微生物的行为、生态和进化。我们希望这篇综述可以作为理解环境波动对微生物生命的重要性的指南，以便更好地评估和利用它们的贡献和影响。微生物栖息地的空间和时间异质性使微生物面临广泛的环境波动，从而驱动广泛的微生物反应，这些反应随着波动时间尺度和微生物组织水平（群落、种群和个体）而变化。
From the homeostasis of human health to the cycling of Earth's elements, microbial activities underlie environmental, medical and industrial processes. These activities occur in chemical and physical landscapes that are highly dynamic and experienced by bacteria as fluctuations. In this review, we first discuss how bacteria can experience both spatial and temporal heterogeneity in their environments as temporal fluctuations of various timescales (seconds to seasons) and types (nutrient, sunlight, fluid flow, etc.). We then focus primarily on nutrient fluctuations to discuss how bacterial communities, populations and single cells respond to environmental fluctuations. Overall, we find that environmental fluctuations are ubiquitous and diverse, and strongly shape microbial behavior, ecology and evolution when compared with environments in which conditions remain constant over time. We hope this review may serve as a guide toward understanding the significance of environmental fluctuations in microbial life, such that their contributions and implications can be better assessed and exploited. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of microbial habitats exposes microbes to a broad range of environmental fluctuations, which drive a broad range of microbial responses that vary with fluctuation timescale and level of microbial organization (communities, populations and individuals).
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Zivkovic, Nenad
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影响因子：
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3.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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