Social Stigma Related to COVID-19 Disease Described by Primary and Secondary School Teachers and Adolescents Living With HIV in Western Kenya.
Social Stigma Related to COVID-19 Disease Described by Primary and Secondary School Teachers and Adolescents Living With HIV in Western Kenya.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2021.757267
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Vreeman R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chory A;Nyandiko W;Ashimosi C;Aluoch J;Martin R;Biegon W;Munyoro D;Apondi E;Vreeman R
简介：了解社区成员对新型SARS-CoV-2病毒的知识、态度和信念，以及相关污名的流行程度，是增加准确的公共卫生知识、鼓励采取预防或减轻健康行为、最终控制COVID-19大流行的关键步骤。研究方法：我们进行了一次基于电话的一次性评估，以评估肯尼亚中小学教师以及感染艾滋病毒的青少年报告的COVID-19社区耻辱感的存在情况。参与者先前参加了一项正在进行的随机分组试验，以评估多媒体教师培训对教师对艾滋病毒的消极态度和信念的影响。SAFI污名问卷是一种经过验证的工具，用于评估这种情况下与艾滋病毒相关的污名，该问卷被改编为关于COVID-19大流行期间经历或感知的污名和歧视的问题。结果如下：我们招募了330名参与者，其中包括311名中小学教师（56%为女性，平均年龄36岁）和19名青少年艾滋病毒感染者（57.89%为女性，平均年龄16.37岁）。没有青少年参与者报告目睹或经历过与COVID-19相关的歧视，也没有报告失去经济和/或社会支持。相比之下，教师参与者报告了与COVID-19相关的不同程度的突出社会耻辱经历。与教师对照组相比，干预组的教师完成了关于艾滋病毒相关耻辱的多媒体培训，他们认为社区将COVID-19视为肮脏或可耻的疾病的可能性明显降低，也不太可能认为保守COVID-19感染的秘密很重要。结论：这些研究结果表明，与COVID-19相关的耻辱感可能在肯尼亚西部普遍存在，减少社区一级对艾滋病毒的耻辱感的干预措施也可能对COVID-19等其他耻辱感传染病产生保护性影响。
Introduction: Understanding community members' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus and the prevalence of associated stigma are critical steps for increasing accurate public health knowledge, encouraging uptake of preventative or mitigating health behaviors, and ultimately bringing the COVID-19 pandemic under control. Methods: We conducted a one-time, phone-based assessment to assess the presence of perceived COVID-19 community stigma reported by Kenyan primary and secondary school teachers, as well as adolescents living with HIV. Participants were previously enrolled in an ongoing, cluster-randomized trial to evaluate the impact of multi-media teacher training on teachers' negative attitudes and beliefs around HIV. The SAFI Stigma Questionnaire, a validated tool to assess HIV-related stigma in this setting, was adapted to ask questions regarding the stigma and discrimination experienced or perceived during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: We enrolled 330 participants in this study, including 311 primary and secondary teachers (56% female, average age 36 years) and 19 adolescents living with HIV (57.89% female, average age 16.37 years). None of the adolescent participants reported witnessing or experiencing discrimination related to COVID-19, nor did they report losing financial and/or social support. In contrast, the teacher participants reported prominent social stigma experiences of various levels and related to COVID-19. Teachers in the intervention group, who had completed the multi-media training on HIV-related stigma, were significantly less likely to think that the community viewed COVID-19 as a dirty or shameful disease, and less likely to feel it was important to keep their COVID-19 infection a secret, compared to the teacher control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that COVID-19-related stigma may be prevalent in western Kenya and that interventions to reduce community-level stigma for HIV may also have a protective impact on other stigmatized infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
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