Structural and compositional characteristics of Fukushima release particulate material from Units 1 and 3 elucidates release mechanisms, accident chronology and future decommissioning strategy.
Structural and compositional characteristics of Fukushima release particulate material from Units 1 and 3 elucidates release mechanisms, accident chronology and future decommissioning strategy.
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Fukushima释放颗粒物材料1和3的结构和组成特性阐明了释放机制，事故年表和未来退役策略。
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-79169-2
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发表时间：
2020-12-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Scott TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin PG;Jones CP;Bartlett S;Ignatyev K;Megson-Smith D;Satou Y;Cipiccia S;Batey DJ;Rau C;Sueki K;Ishii T;Igarashi J;Ninomiya K;Shinohara A;Rust A;Scott TB
本文对福岛第一核电站不同反应堆(1号和3号机组)的材料的结构形式和元素分布进行了研究，以阐明它们不同的释放动态以及反应堆内当前的条件对未来退役挑战的影响。免费赠送的计算机X射线吸收断层扫描和X射线荧光数据表明，来自不同反应堆单元的两套硅基材料具有不同的内部结构和成分分布。已知的事件和条件年代学与观察到的被检查颗粒的内部和外部结构相关联，这表明1号机组喷出物的融化程度比3号反应堆可能产生的熔化程度更高。特别是，我们将1号机组喷出物及其内部空隙的近球形归因于在热的(因此相对低粘度的)硅酸盐熔体冷却形成玻璃之前有足够的时间使表面张力环绕这些物体。相比之下，与来自3号机组的亚毫米颗粒物相关的更复杂的内部形式表明，在更长的持续时间内，峰值温度更低。使用火山类似物，我们考虑了这种材料的结构形式，以及它与其环境颗粒稳定性和从受损的反应堆中大量清除残余材料的关系。我们的结论是，与圆形、高强度、更均匀的单元1材料相比，脆性和棱角分明的单元3颗粒更容易进一步破碎和产生颗粒危险。
The structural form and elemental distribution of material originating from different Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactors (Units 1 and 3) is hereby examined to elucidate their contrasting release dynamics and the current in-reactor conditions to influence future decommissioning challenges. Complimentary computed X-ray absorption tomography and X-ray fluorescence data show that the two suites of Si-based material sourced from the different reactor Units have contrasting internal structure and compositional distribution. The known event and condition chronology correlate with the observed internal and external structures of the particulates examined, which suggest that Unit 1 ejecta material sustained a greater degree of melting than that likely derived from reactor Unit 3. In particular, we attribute the near-spherical shape of Unit 1 ejecta and their internal voids to there being sufficient time for surface tension to round these objects before the hot (and so relatively low viscosity) silicate melt cooled to form glass. In contrast, a more complex internal form associated with the sub-mm particulates invoked to originate from Unit 3 suggest a lower peak temperature, over a longer duration. Using volcanic analogues, we consider the structural form of this material and how it relates to its environmental particulate stability and the bulk removal of residual materials from the damaged reactors. We conclude that the brittle and angular Unit 3 particulate are more susceptible to further fragmentation and particulate generation hazard than the round, higher-strength, more homogenous Unit 1 material.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Bullard, Jeffrey W.;Garboczi, Edward J.
通讯作者：
Garboczi, Edward J.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Moitra, Pranabendu;Sonder, Ingo;Valentine, Greg A.
通讯作者：
Valentine, Greg A.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Chino M;Terada H;Nagai H;Katata G;Mikami S;Torii T;Saito K;Nishizawa Y
通讯作者：
Nishizawa Y
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Basham M;Filik J;Wharmby MT;Chang PC;El Kassaby B;Gerring M;Aishima J;Levik K;Pulford BC;Sikharulidze I;Sneddon D;Webber M;Dhesi SS;Maccherozzi F;Svensson O;Brockhauser S;Náray G;Ashton AW
通讯作者：
Ashton AW
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Giordano, Daniele;Russell, James K.;Dingwell, Donald B.
通讯作者：
Dingwell, Donald B.