Associations Between Changes in Loneliness and Social Connections, and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Women's Health Initiative.
Associations Between Changes in Loneliness and Social Connections, and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Women's Health Initiative.
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/glab371
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发表时间：
2022-12-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anderson GL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goveas JS;Ray RM;Woods NF;Manson JE;Kroenke CH;Michael YL;Shadyab AH;Meliker JR;Chen JC;Johnson L;Mouton C;Saquib N;Weitlauf J;Wactawski-Wende J;Naughton M;Shumaker S;Anderson GL
在2019年冠状病毒病大流行期间，老年妇女的社会关系受到严重破坏。在大流行期间，孤独感是否增加，或者孤独感从大流行前到大流行期间的变化是否与心理健康有关，目前尚不清楚。老年女性（n = 27479;平均年龄83.2 [SD：5.4]岁）在2020年年中完成了调查，包括有关孤独感、生活安排、社会关系变化和心理健康的问题。此前还在2014-2016年对Longland进行了评估。我们研究了孤独感是否从大流行前到大流行期间发生了变化，并探讨了与这种变化相关的因素。在多变量模型中，我们研究了孤独感和社会联系的变化与心理健康的关系。孤独症从大流行前的水平上升到大流行期间的水平。与孤独感恶化相关的因素包括年龄较大，经历压力性生活事件，丧亲，血管疾病和抑郁症病史以及社会联系中断。与孤独感减少相关的因素包括认同为黑人，从事更频繁的体育活动，乐观，以及生活中有更高的目标。孤独分数增加3分与更高的感知压力、更高的抑郁和更高的焦虑症状相关。社会联系中断与心理健康之间的关系不大，甚至没有关系。在大流行期间，老年妇女的孤独感增加，并与更高的压力、抑郁和焦虑症状相关。我们的研究结果指出了针对生活方式行为，幸福感，中断的社会联系进行干预的机会，并密切关注那些具有特定医疗和心理健康史的人，这些人可能会减少孤独感并改善心理健康。
Older women have faced significant disruptions in social connections during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Whether loneliness increased or whether a change in loneliness from pre- to intrapandemic period was associated with mental health during the pandemic is unknown. Older women (n = 27 479; mean age 83.2 [SD: 5.4] years) completed surveys in mid-2020, including questions about loneliness, living arrangements, changes in social connections, and mental health. Loneliness was also previously assessed in 2014–2016. We examined whether loneliness changed from the pre- to intrapandemic period and explored factors associated with this change. In multivariable models, we investigated the association of changes in loneliness and social connections with mental health. Loneliness increased from pre- to intrapandemic levels. Factors associated with worsening loneliness included older age, experiencing stressful life events, bereavement, histories of vascular disease and depression, and social connection disruptions. Factors associated with a decrease in loneliness included identifying as Black, engaging in more frequent physical activity, being optimistic, and having a higher purpose in life. A 3-point increase in loneliness scores was associated with higher perceived stress, higher depressive, and higher anxiety symptoms. Social connection disruptions showed modest or no associations with mental health. Loneliness increased during the pandemic in older women and was associated with higher stress, depressive, and anxiety symptoms. Our findings point to opportunities for interventions targeting lifestyle behaviors, well-being, disrupted social connections, and paying closer attention to those with specific medical and mental health histories that may reduce loneliness and improve mental health.
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