Does South Korea have hidden female smokers: discrepancies in smoking rates between self-reports and urinary cotinine level.
Does South Korea have hidden female smokers: discrepancies in smoking rates between self-reports and urinary cotinine level.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12905-014-0156-z
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发表时间：
2014-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hong KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Park MB;Kim CB;Nam EW;Hong KS
在韩国、日本和中国等东亚国家以及伊斯兰国家，女性吸烟被认为是非常负面的。这些国家的自我报告调查(SRS)的结果往往低估了吸烟者的数量，这是由于社会合意性反应的偏见。本研究试图通过比较来自SRS和尿可替宁样本的数据来评估韩国、欧洲和美洲。根据社会经济因素，使用SRS和尿可替宁浓度(UCC)方法计算当前吸烟率。为了检验SRS中关于当前吸烟状况的反应准确性，对完成SRS和获得UCC结果的参与者进行了关于性别、年龄、地区、经济水平、家庭状况和慢性病存在的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)和差异比(DR)的分析。根据自我报告，女性目前的吸烟率为7.1%(官方吸烟率)，而根据UCC的数据为18.2%；男性的吸烟率分别为47.8%和55.1%。男性敏感度为0.8553，特异度为0.9768，阳性预测值为0.9783，阴性预测值为0.8465，差异比(DR)为1.143。女性敏感度为0.3670，特异度为0.9956，阳性预测值为0.9486，阴性预测值为0.8761，阳性预测值为2.6%。与男性相比，这些结果显示出非常低的反应对比率。这项研究表明，实际女性吸烟率明显高于官方报告的吸烟率，但差距正在稳步缩小。女性表现出更高的错误回答率，这导致对女性吸烟率的低估。
Female smoking is perceived very negatively in East Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan, and China, as well as in Islamic countries. These countries’ self-reported surveys (SRs) tend to produce results that underestimate the number of smokers, owing to the social desirability response bias. The present study seeks to assess South Korea, Europe, and the Americas, by comparing data from SRs with those from urinary cotinine samples. Current smoking rates were calculated using the SRs and the urinary cotinine concentration (UCC) methods according to socioeconomic factors. In order to examine response accuracy regarding current smoking status in the SRs, participants who both completed the SRs and acquired UCC results were subject to analyses of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and difference ratio (DR) with respect to gender, age, region, economic level, household status, and the presence of chronic disease. Based on self-reports, the current smoking rate among women was 7.1% (official smoking rates), while that according to the UCC was 18.2%; the rates for men were 47.8% and 55.1%, respectively. The sensitivity of males was 0.8553, the specificity 0.9768, PPV 0.9783, NPV 0.8465, and the difference ratio (DR) was 1.143. The sensitivity for females was 0.3670, the specificity 0.9956, PPV 0.9486, NPV 0.8761, and the DR was 2.6. These results exhibit a very low response alignment rate compared to males. This study shows that the actual female smoking rate is significantly higher than that reported officially, but also that the gap is decreasing steadily. Females exhibited a higher rate of false responses, which resulted in an underestimation of the female smoking rate.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Burstyn, Igor;Kapur, Nitin;LeGatt, Don
通讯作者：
LeGatt, Don
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
DAVIS, RA;STILES, MF;REYNOLDS, JH
通讯作者：
REYNOLDS, JH
影响因子：
6
作者：
Shoptaw, S;Rotheram-Fuller, E;Ling, W
通讯作者：
Ling, W
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
PATRICK, DL;CHEADLE, A;KINNE, S
通讯作者：
KINNE, S
DOI：
10.1080/14622200210123581
发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
影响因子：
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作者：
通讯作者：
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