Behavioral and neural mechanisms of latent inhibition.
Behavioral and neural mechanisms of latent inhibition.
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.053439.121
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Milad MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller DB;Rassaby MM;Collins KA;Milad MR
恐惧是一种适应性情绪，用于保护生物体免受潜在危险的侵害。通常使用经典条件反射范式来研究，即条件刺激与厌恶性非条件刺激配对以诱发威胁反应。较少被研究的是一种与这种形式的条件作用有关的现象，被称为潜在抑制。潜伏抑制（LI）是一种在没有任何厌恶联想的情况下反复呈现中性线索的范式。这种预先暴露的线索与厌恶刺激的后续配对通常会导致条件性恐惧/威胁反应的表达减少。本文综述了LI的一些理论基础及其行为和神经机制。我们比较和对比了LI和恐惧/威胁消除——在没有厌恶结果的情况下，先前条件提示反复出现的过程。最后，我们强调了LI的潜在临床应用。我们特别关注LI应用如何有助于增强复原力，特别是对于更容易持续暴露于创伤和压力环境的个人，如医疗工作者和急救人员。从加深我们对潜在抑制的神经机制的理解中获得的知识可以应用于以夸大的恐惧反应和受损的情绪调节为特征的精神疾病。
Fear is an adaptive emotion that serves to protect an organism against potential dangers. It is often studied using classical conditioning paradigms where a conditioned stimulus is paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus to induce a threat response. Less commonly studied is a phenomenon that is related to this form of conditioning, known as latent inhibition. Latent inhibition (LI) is a paradigm in which a neutral cue is repeatedly presented in the absence of any aversive associations. Subsequent pairing of this pre-exposed cue with an aversive stimulus typically leads to reduced expression of a conditioned fear/threat response. In this article, we review some of the theoretical basis for LI and its behavioral and neural mechanisms. We compare and contrast LI and fear/threat extinction—a process in which a previously conditioned cue is repeatedly presented in the absence of aversive outcomes. We end with highlighting the potential clinical utility of LI. Particularly, we focus on how LI application could be useful for enhancing resilience, especially for individuals who are more prone to continuous exposure to trauma and stressful environments, such as healthcare workers and first responders. The knowledge to be gained from advancing our understanding of neural mechanisms in latent inhibition could be applicable across psychiatric disorders characterized by exaggerated fear responses and impaired emotion regulation.
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03199919
发表时间：
1994-05-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.4
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DOI：
10.3390/bs4040511
发表时间：
2014-12-08
期刊：
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Rothbaum B
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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