The psychological organization of "uncertainty" responses and "middle" responses: a dissociation in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).

The psychological organization of "uncertainty" responses and "middle" responses: a dissociation in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).
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DOI:
10.1037/a0014626
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发表时间:
2009-07
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Boomer, Joseph
Boomer, Joseph
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Beran, Michael J.;Smith, J. David;Coutinho, Mariana V. C.;Couchman, Justin J.;Boomer, Joseph

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一些关于非人类动物元认知能力的研究鼓励动物在不确定性监测任务中对尝试拒绝反应进行竞争性的低水平行为描述。为了评估这些行为描述的力量,六只僧帽猴提出了两个密度区分稀疏和密集的刺激之间的任务。在一项任务中,密度连续体中间附近的刺激的困难试验可以通过“不确定性”反应来拒绝。在另一项任务中,对同样的刺激做出“中间”反应会得到奖励。在实验1中,卷尾猴基本上没有使用不确定性反应,但它们确实使用了中间反应。在实验2中,我们复制了这一结果与5 6猴子,而等同的整体步伐和强化结构的两个任务,虽然一只猴子也表现出适当的使用的不确定性反应。这些结果挑战了纯粹的联想解释的一些不确定性监测性能的动物,同时尖锐的理论问题的心理信号的性质,场合的不确定性反应。
Some studies of nonhuman animals’ metacognitive capacity encourage competing low-level, behavioral descriptions of trial-decline responses by animals in uncertainty-monitoring tasks. To evaluate the force of these behavioral descriptions, six capuchin monkeys were presented with two density-discrimination tasks between sparse and dense stimuli. In one task, difficult trials with stimuli near the middle of the density continuum could be declined through an “uncertainty” response. In the other task, making a “middle” response to the same stimuli was rewarded. In Experiment 1, capuchins essentially did not use the uncertainty response, but they did use the middle response. In Experiment 2, we replicated this result with 5 of 6 monkeys while equating the overall pace and reinforcement structure of the two tasks, although one monkey also showed appropriate use of the uncertainty response. These results challenge a purely associative interpretation of some uncertainty-monitoring performances by animals, while sharpening the theoretical question concerning the nature of the psychological signal that occasions uncertainty responses.
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