Biocrust as one of multiple stable states in global drylands.

Biocrust as one of multiple stable states in global drylands.
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生物结皮是全球旱地的多个稳定状态之一

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aay3763
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Zhao C
Zhao C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen N;Yu K;Jia R;Teng J;Zhao C

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在全球旱地中,除了裸地和维管植物外,生物结皮本身也可以是一种稳定状态。生物结壳覆盖了全球约30%的旱地,在地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用。从理论上讲,生物结壳、维管植物和裸土可以代表旱地的多种稳定状态。然而,没有经验证据表明存在一个生物结壳稳定状态的报道。在这里,使用全球旱地数据集,我们发现,除了裸土(生物结壳和维管覆盖,≤ 10%)和维管植物(维管覆盖,> 50%;生物结壳覆盖,~5%)之外,生物结壳形成另一种稳定状态(生物结壳覆盖,~80%;维管覆盖,≤ 10%)。与生物结皮的多个稳定状态的模式不同于经典的褶皱分叉,在0至0.6的范围内的干旱指数的值定义了一个多个稳定状态共存的区域。这项研究经验性地证明了与生物结壳有关的多种稳定状态的存在和临界值,这些稳定状态沿着气候梯度,因此可能大大有助于全球旱地的保护和恢复。
Biocrust alone can be a stable state besides bare soil and vascular plant in global drylands. Biocrusts cover ~30% of global drylands with a prominent role in the biogeochemical cycles. Theoretically, biocrusts, vascular plants, and bare soil can represent multiple stable states in drylands. However, no empirical evidence for the existence of a biocrust stable state has been reported. Here, using a global drylands dataset, we found that biocrusts form an alternative stable state (biocrust cover, ~80%; vascular cover, ≤10%) besides bare soil (both biocrust and vascular cover, ≤10%) and vascular plants (vascular cover, >50%; biocrust cover, ~5%). The pattern of multiple stable states associated with biocrusts differs from the classic fold bifurcation, and values of the aridity index in the range of 0 to 0.6 define a bistable region where multiple stable states coexist. This study empirically demonstrates the existence and thresholds of multiple stable states associated with biocrusts along climatic gradients and thus may greatly contribute to conservation and restoration of global drylands.
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