Exercise in leisure time: coronary attack and death rates.
Exercise in leisure time: coronary attack and death rates.
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闲暇时间锻炼：冠心病发作和死亡率。
DOI：
10.1136/hrt.63.6.325
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E H Burgess
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J N Morris;D G Clayton;M. Everitt;A M Semmence;E H Burgess
对 9376 名男性公务员进行了平均 9 年零 4 个月的随访，其中 474 人经历过冠心病发作，入组时年龄为 45-64 岁，无冠心病临床病史。在经常参加剧烈运动或大量骑自行车或将日常步行速度评价为快（超过 4 英里/小时，6.4 公里/小时）的男性中，9% 的人患非致命性和致命性冠心病的比例不到其他男性的一半。此外，年龄在 55 岁至 64 岁之间的参与者中，报告这种剧烈有氧运动程度次低的参与者的比例不到其余参与者的三分之二； 45-54岁的参与者没有表现出这样的效果。当这些形式的运动不剧烈时，它们不能预防疾病，其他形式的运动或大量身体活动本身也不能预防疾病。过去剧烈运动的历史并不能起到保护作用。这些男性的适应症是通过特定的运动来保护：剧烈、有氧、具有获益强度阈值和高于该阈值的“剂量反应”、运动必须是习惯性的、持续的，这表明可以针对疾病的急性期提供保护。那些进行剧烈有氧运动的男性显然是一个被有利地“选中”的群体。然而，无论是低风险还是高风险（根据所研究的几个风险因素），他们患这种疾病的几率都较小。与运动相关的冠心病减少的男性因其他原因导致的死亡率也较低，因此总死亡率也低于其他男性。
Nine thousand three hundred and seventy six male civil servants, aged 45-64 at entry, with no clinical history of coronary heart disease, were followed for a mean period of 9 years and 4 months during which 474 experienced a coronary attack. The 9% of men who reported that they often participated in vigorous sports or did considerable amounts of cycling or rated the pace of their regular walking as fast (over 4 mph, 6.4 km/h) experienced less than half the non-fatal and fatal coronary heart disease of the other men. In addition, entrants aged 55-64 who reported the next lower degree of this vigorous aerobic exercise had rates less than two thirds of the remainder; entrants of 45-54 did not show such an effect. When these forms of exercise were not vigorous they were no protection against the disease, nor were other forms of exercise or high totals of physical activity per se. A history of vigorous sports in the past was not protective. Indications in these men are of protection by specific exercise: vigorous, aerobic, with a threshold of intensity for benefit and "dose response" above this threshold, exercise that has to be habitual, and continuing, which suggests that protection is against the acute phases of the disease. Those men who took vigorous aerobic exercise were demonstrably a favourably "selected" group; they suffered less of the disease, however, whether at low risk or high by the several risk factors that were studied. Men with exercise-related reduction in coronary heart disease also had lower death rates from the total of other causes, and so lower total death rates than the rest of the men.
随着长时间的运动训练，高密度脂蛋白浓度和新陈代谢发生适度变化。
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Thompson,PD;Cullinane,EM;Sady,SP;Flynn,MM;Bernier,DN;Kantor,MA;Saritelli,AL;Herbert,PN
通讯作者：
Herbert,PN
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1984.03350050033022
发表时间：
1984-08
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Seals;J. Hagberg;B. Hurley;A. Ehsani;J. Holloszy
通讯作者：
D. Seals;J. Hagberg;B. Hurley;A. Ehsani;J. Holloszy
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
PAFFENBARGER, RS;HYDE, RT;HSIEH, CC
通讯作者：
HSIEH, CC