Genetic diversity and population history of a critically endangered primate, the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus).
Genetic diversity and population history of a critically endangered primate, the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0020722
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Fagundes V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaves PB;Alvarenga CS;Possamai Cde B;Dias LG;Boubli JP;Strier KB;Mendes SL;Fagundes V
社会、生态和历史过程影响灵长类种群的遗传结构，因此对濒危物种的保护具有关键意义。北方muriqui（Brachyteles hypoxanthus）是一种极度濒危的新大陆猴，也是大西洋森林热点保护的旗舰物种。然而，像其他新热带灵长类动物一样，人们对它的种群历史和残余种群的遗传结构知之甚少。我们分析了152个北方鼠的线粒体DNA控制区，或864个北方鼠的17.6%，来自12个已知的现存种群中的8个，没有发现任何证据的地理分区或过去的人口收缩/扩张。贝叶斯和经典的分析表明，这一发现可能是由于女性偏向的分散，人口稳定，以及相对较大的历史人口规模的共同贡献。过去的人口稳定性与大西洋中部森林更新世避难所一致。此外，最好的情况下支持的近似贝叶斯计算分析，显著的固定指数（ΦST = 0.49，ΦCT = 0.24），和人口特定的单倍型，再加上灭绝的中间人群，是指示最近的地理结构的遗传多样性在全新世。 生活在较大面积（> 2，000公顷）的种群的遗传多样性较高，但总体物种的遗传多样性非常低（θ = 0.018）。 三个种群发生在保护区和一个分散的人口居住在私人土地港口22出23单倍型，其中大部分是人口专有的，因此代表了该物种的遗传多样性的补丁库。我们建议，这些人口被视为离散的保护管理目的的单位。
Social, ecological, and historical processes affect the genetic structure of primate populations, and therefore have key implications for the conservation of endangered species. The northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) is a critically endangered New World monkey and a flagship species for the conservation of the Atlantic Forest hotspot. Yet, like other neotropical primates, little is known about its population history and the genetic structure of remnant populations. We analyzed the mitochondrial DNA control region of 152 northern muriquis, or 17.6% of the 864 northern muriquis from 8 of the 12 known extant populations and found no evidence of phylogeographic partitions or past population shrinkage/expansion. Bayesian and classic analyses show that this finding may be attributed to the joint contribution of female-biased dispersal, demographic stability, and a relatively large historic population size. Past population stability is consistent with a central Atlantic Forest Pleistocene refuge. In addition, the best scenario supported by an Approximate Bayesian Computation analysis, significant fixation indices (ΦST = 0.49, ΦCT = 0.24), and population-specific haplotypes, coupled with the extirpation of intermediate populations, are indicative of a recent geographic structuring of genetic diversity during the Holocene. Genetic diversity is higher in populations living in larger areas (>2,000 hectares), but it is remarkably low in the species overall (θ = 0.018). Three populations occurring in protected reserves and one fragmented population inhabiting private lands harbor 22 out of 23 haplotypes, most of which are population-exclusive, and therefore represent patchy repositories of the species' genetic diversity. We suggest that these populations be treated as discrete units for conservation management purposes.
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