Gene networks for nitrogen sensing, signaling, and response in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Gene networks for nitrogen sensing, signaling, and response in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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DOI：
10.1002/wsbm.87
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Gutierrez, Rodrigo A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vidal, Elena A.;Tamayo, Karem P.;Gutierrez, Rodrigo A.
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants. In nature, N cycles between different inorganic and organic forms some of which can serve as nutrients for plants. The inorganic N forms nitrate and ammonium are the most important sources of N for plants. However, plants can also uptake and use organic N forms such as amino acids and urea. Beside their nutritional role, nitrate and other forms of N can also act as signals that regulate the expression of hundreds of genes causing modulation of plant metabolism, physiology, growth and development. Although many genes and processes affected by changes in external or internal N have been identified, the molecular mechanisms involved in N sensing and signaling are still poorly understood. Classic reverse and forward genetics and more recently the advent of genomic and systems approaches have helped to characterize some of the components of the signaling pathways directing Arabidopsis responses to N. Here we provide an update on recent advances to identify components involved in N sensing and signaling in Arabidopsis and their importance for the plant response to N. N nutrients and metabolites can act as potent signals to regulate genome-wide gene expression in plants. Microarray analyses performed using nitrate, nitrite, glutamic acid and other forms of N revealed a large set of genes participating in many different plant processes (reviewed in), however the sensing and signaling pathways underlying N responses have yet to be fully identified. Work in bacterial and fungal systems has shown that these organisms posses sophisticated sensing mechanisms to monitor and adjust to N status. Although there might be some conserved features between plants and other organisms, thus far the mechanisms of N sensing in other organisms have not directly extrapolated to plants. This review will focus on the regulatory networks for N sensing and signaling in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
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