Mutations in the TBX15‐ADAMTS2 pathway associate with a novel soft palate dysplasia

Mutations in the TBX15‐ADAMTS2 pathway associate with a novel soft palate dysplasia
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TBX15-ADAMTS2 通路突变与新型软腭发育不良相关

DOI:
10.1002/humu.24473
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Xiazhou Fu
Xiazhou Fu
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yuying Zhang;Jian Li;Yaoting Ji;Yibin Cheng;Xiazhou Fu

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我们报告了迄今为止尚未描述的一类具有独特颅面发育缺陷的患者中 TBX15 和 ADAMTS2 基因特定外显子的从头变异。 9名无关患者代表单侧软腭发育不全,翼突部分蝶骨缺失,但悬雍垂完全发育。有趣的是,这些临床特征与腭的前后(A-P)发育方向相反。根据发育特征,我们认为这些病例对应于一种不同于腭裂的新型颅面出生缺陷,我们将其命名为软腭发育不良(SPD)。然而,人们对 ADAMTS2 和 TBX15 基因调节软腭发育的分子机制知之甚少。系统发育分析表明,这些从头突变位点周围的序列在物种之间是保守的。通过细胞共转染和染色质免疫沉淀测定,我们证明 TBX15 与 ADAMTS2 基因的启动子区域结合并激活启动子活性。此外,我们还发现,在 E13.5 小鼠胚胎软腭发育过程中,TBX15 和 ADAMTS2 共定位于后腭间充质细胞中。基于这些数据,我们提出胚胎发生过程中 TBX15-ADAMTS2 信号通路的破坏导致了一种新的 SPD。
We reported de novo variants in specific exons of the TBX15 and ADAMTS2 genes in a hitherto undescribed class of patients with unique craniofacial developmental defects. The nine unrelated patients represent unilateral soft palate hypoplasia, lost part of the sphenoid bone in the pterygoid process, but the uvula developed completely. Interestingly, these clinical features are contrary to the palate's anterior‐posterior (A‐P) developmental direction. Based on developmental characteristics, we suggested that these cases correspond to a novel craniofacial birth defect different from cleft palate, and we named it soft palate dysplasia (SPD). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of the ADAMTS2 and TBX15 genes in the regulation of soft palate development. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences around these de novo mutation sites are conserved between species. Through cellular co‐transfections and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we demonstrate that TBX15 binds to the promoter regions of the ADAMTS2 gene and activates the promoter activity. Furthermore, we show that TBX15 and ADAMTS2 are colocalization in the posterior palatal mesenchymal cells during soft palate development in E13.5 mice embryos. Based on these data, we propose that the disruption of the TBX15‐ADAMTS2 signaling pathway during embryogenesis leads to a novel SPD.
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