The crystal structure of the TetR family transcriptional repressor SimR bound to DNA and the role of a flexible N-terminal extension in minor groove binding.

The crystal structure of the TetR family transcriptional repressor SimR bound to DNA and the role of a flexible N-terminal extension in minor groove binding.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkr640
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发表时间:
2011-11
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Buttner MJ
Buttner MJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Le TB;Schumacher MA;Lawson DM;Brennan RG;Buttner MJ

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SimR 是一种 TetR 家族转录调节因子 (TFR),控制西莫环酮的输出,西莫环酮是一种由抗生素链霉菌产生的有效 DNA 旋转酶抑制剂。 Simocyclinone 由特定的外排泵 SimX 输出,simX 的转录受到 SimR 的抑制,SimR 与 simR-simX 基因间区域的两个操纵子结合。 SimR 的 DNA 结合结构域具有经典的螺旋-转角-螺旋基序,但它还带有富含精氨酸的 N 末端延伸。先前的结构研究表明,在没有 DNA 的情况下,N 末端延伸是无序的。在这里,我们表明 N 末端延伸对蛋白酶切割敏感,但在结合 DNA 后变得具有蛋白酶抗性。我们通过缺失分析证明了该延伸有助于 DNA 结合,并描述了与其操纵子序列结合的 SimR 的晶体结构,揭示了 N 端延伸结合在小沟中。此外,SimR 通过其螺旋-转角-螺旋基序与大沟进行许多序列特异性接触。生物信息学分析表明,富含带正电残基的 N 端延伸是大多数 TFR 的一个特征。 SimR-DNA 和 SimR-西莫环酮复合物的比较表明,与配体介导的去抑制相关的构象变化主要是由于亚基围绕二聚体界面的刚体旋转造成的。
SimR, a TetR-family transcriptional regulator (TFR), controls the export of simocyclinone, a potent DNA gyrase inhibitor made by Streptomyces antibioticus. Simocyclinone is exported by a specific efflux pump, SimX and the transcription of simX is repressed by SimR, which binds to two operators in the simR-simX intergenic region. The DNA-binding domain of SimR has a classical helix-turn-helix motif, but it also carries an arginine-rich N-terminal extension. Previous structural studies showed that the N-terminal extension is disordered in the absence of DNA. Here, we show that the N-terminal extension is sensitive to protease cleavage, but becomes protease resistant upon binding DNA. We demonstrate by deletion analysis that the extension contributes to DNA binding, and describe the crystal structure of SimR bound to its operator sequence, revealing that the N-terminal extension binds in the minor groove. In addition, SimR makes a number of sequence-specific contacts to the major groove via its helix-turn-helix motif. Bioinformatic analysis shows that an N-terminal extension rich in positively charged residues is a feature of the majority of TFRs. Comparison of the SimR–DNA and SimR–simocyclinone complexes reveals that the conformational changes associated with ligand-mediated derepression result primarily from rigid-body rotation of the subunits about the dimer interface.
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