Perspective: Council for Responsible Nutrition Science in Session. Optimizing Health with Nutrition-Opportunities, Gaps, and the Future.
Perspective: Council for Responsible Nutrition Science in Session. Optimizing Health with Nutrition-Opportunities, Gaps, and the Future.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.015
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发表时间：
2023-09
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实现最佳健康是人口的一个理想目标，但健康的定义仍不明确。营养在健康中的作用已经超越了纠正营养不良和特定缺陷，并开始更多地关注通过营养实现和保持“最佳”健康。因此，负责任营养理事会于2022年10月举行了科学会议，以推进这一概念。在这里，我们总结并讨论了他们通过营养优化健康-机遇和挑战研讨会的结果，包括需要解决的几个差距，以推动该领域的进展。界定和评价各种最佳健康指数需要克服这些关键差距。例如，迫切需要开发更好的营养状况生物标志物，包括更准确的食物摄入量生物标志物，以及最佳健康生物标志物，以维持耐受性-从压力中恢复或应对压力而不损失身体和认知表现的能力。此外，还需要确定驱动对营养的个性化反应的因素，包括基因型、代谢型和肠道微生物组，并实现精确营养以获得最佳健康的机会。这篇综述概述了韧性的特点，提供了营养因素的最新例子，以优化认知和表现的韧性，并概述了各种遗传，代谢和微生物组的个性化反应的决定因素。
Achieving optimal health is an aspirational goal for the population, yet the definition of health remains unclear. The role of nutrition in health has evolved beyond correcting malnutrition and specific deficiencies and has begun to focus more on achieving and maintaining ‘optimal’ health through nutrition. As such, the Council for Responsible Nutrition held its October 2022 Science in Session conference to advance this concept. Here, we summarize and discuss the findings of their Optimizing Health through Nutrition – Opportunities and Challenges workshop, including several gaps that need to be addressed to advance progress in the field. Defining and evaluating various indices of optimal health will require overcoming these key gaps. For example, there is a strong need to develop better biomarkers of nutrient status, including more accurate markers of food intake, as well as biomarkers of optimal health that account for maintaining resilience—the ability to recover from or respond to stressors without loss to physical and cognitive performance. In addition, there is a need to identify factors that drive individualized responses to nutrition, including genotype, metabotypes, and the gut microbiome, and to realize the opportunity of precision nutrition for optimal health. This review outlines hallmarks of resilience, provides current examples of nutritional factors to optimize cognitive and performance resilience, and gives an overview of various genetic, metabolic, and microbiome determinants of individualized responses.
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