The influence of ethnic group composition on focus group discussions.
The influence of ethnic group composition on focus group discussions.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2288-14-107
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发表时间：
2014-09-20
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Holley J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greenwood N;Ellmers T;Holley J
焦点小组通常被用来探索参与者在健康和社会护理研究中的经验。尽管有人提出，拥有人口结构相同的群体可能有助于让参与者感到轻松，但证据很少。本文的目的是：探索焦点小组参与者的种族同质性和异质性对小组讨论的影响；提高对焦点小组同质性和异质性的理解；提出可操作的方法，例如与其他焦点小组参与者更自在地相处。数字记录的焦点小组与中风幸存者的家庭照顾者一起进行，随后被转录并使用框架分析进行分析。这些群体被指定为或多或少的种族同质性。例如，更同质的群体包括只有英国白人或亚裔印度人的参与者，而更多的同质性群体包括例如亚洲人、英国白人和加勒比黑人参与者的混合。41名护理者参加了7个焦点小组。分析显示，在关于种族的讨论中，大致相同的种族群体之间存在差异。例如，种族同质性较高的焦点群体的参与者更有可能表示，种族可能会影响对社会护理服务的看法。另一方面，更多不同种族的群体强调照顾者经历的相似性，而不考虑种族。同质性较高的群体的参与者也更有可能就种族差异发表可能有争议的评论。此外，他们似乎对彼此讨论这个话题更加自在。例如，他们在早些时候自发地提到了这些群体中的种族差异。相比之下，对与种族没有具体关系的主题的分析，如作为照顾者的困难经历，在比较同质性较多和较少的焦点群体时，没有产生明显的模式。围绕焦点小组参与者的人口统计同质性和异质性的考虑是复杂的，这些术语可能只在相对术语中应用最有用。来自更多同质群体的数据补充了来自更多不同群体的数据，提供了不同的视角。根据讨论的焦点，拥有共同的特征，例如作为照顾者，可以忽略其他差异。
Focus groups are commonly used to explore participants’ experiences in health and social care research. Although it is suggested that having demographically homogenous groups may help put participants at ease, the evidence is sparse. The aims of the paper are to: explore the impact of relative ethnic homogeneity and heterogeneity of focus group participants on the group discussions; improve understanding of homogeneity and heterogeneity in focus groups; suggest ways to operationalise concepts such as being ‘more comfortable’ with other focus group participants. Digitally recorded focus groups were undertaken with family carers of stroke survivors and were later transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Groups were designated as more or less ethnically homogenous. More homogenous groups included, for example, only White British or Asian Indian participants whilst more heterogeneous groups comprised a mixture of, for example, Asian, White British and Black Caribbean participants. Forty-one carers participated in seven focus groups. Analysis revealed differences in discussions around ethnicity between the more or less ethnically homogenous groups. For example, participants in more ethnically homogenous focus groups were more likely to say ethnicity might influence perceptions of social care services. On the other hand, more heterogeneous groups emphasised similarity in carers’ experiences, irrespective of ethnicity. Participants in the more homogenous groups were also more likely to make potentially controversial comments relating to ethnic differences. Additionally they appeared to be more at ease with each other discussing the topic. For example, they spontaneously mentioned ethnic differences earlier in these groups. In contrast, analysis of topics not specifically related to ethnicity, such as the difficult experiences of being a carer, produced no discernible patterns when comparing more and less homogenous focus groups. Considerations around focus group participant demographic homogeneity and heterogeneity are complex and these terms may be most usefully applied only in relative terms. Data derived from more homogenous groups complement data from more heterogeneous groups providing different perspectives. Depending on the focus of the discussion, having characteristics in common, such as being a carer can override other differences.
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通讯作者：
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