Prosocial effects of nicotine and ethanol in adolescent rats through partially dissociable neurobehavioral mechanisms.
Prosocial effects of nicotine and ethanol in adolescent rats through partially dissociable neurobehavioral mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2009.85
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发表时间：
2009-11
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影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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青少年广泛使用烟草和酒精可能与尼古丁和乙醇促进社交互动的能力有关。为了研究尼古丁和乙醇亲社会效应背后的神经行为机制，我们重点关注社交游戏行为，这是青春期大鼠最具特征的社交活动。社交游戏行为是有益的，它通过阿片类药物、大麻素和多巴胺能神经传递进行调节，这些神经传递也参与尼古丁和乙醇的增强特性。我们发现尼古丁和乙醇增加了社交游戏，而不影响运动或社交探索。它们的效果取决于伴侣的社交活动水平，并且在熟悉和不熟悉的环境中具有可比性。在增加社交游戏的剂量下，尼古丁和乙醇在高架十字迷宫中没有抗焦虑作用。相比之下，典型的抗焦虑药物地西泮在减少焦虑的剂量下减少了社交活动。阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮、CB1 大麻素受体拮抗剂 SR141716A 和多巴胺受体拮抗剂 α-氟哌噻吨可以阻断尼古丁对社交游戏的影响。乙醇的作用可以被 SR141716A 和 α-氟哌噻吨阻断，但不能被纳洛酮阻断。联合使用亚有效剂量的尼古丁和乙醇只能适度增强社交游戏。这些结果表明，尼古丁和乙醇对社交游戏的促进作用是行为特异性的，并通过涉及积极情绪和动机的神经递质系统通过部分可分离机制介导。此外，尼古丁和乙醇对社交游戏行为的刺激作用与其类抗焦虑特性无关。
The widespread use of tobacco and alcohol among adolescents might be related to the ability of nicotine and ethanol to facilitate social interactions. To investigate the neurobehavioral mechanisms underlying the prosocial effects of nicotine and ethanol, we focused on social play behavior, the most characteristic social activity in adolescent rats. Social play behavior is rewarding, and it is modulated through opioid, cannabinoid and dopaminergic neurotransmission, which are also involved in the reinforcing properties of nicotine and ethanol. We found that nicotine and ethanol increased social play, without affecting locomotion or social exploration. Their effects depended on the level of social activity of the partner, and were comparable in familiar and unfamiliar environments. At doses that increased social play, nicotine and ethanol had no anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze. By contrast, the prototypical anxiolytic drug diazepam reduced social play at doses that reduced anxiety. The effects of nicotine on social play were blocked by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, the CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A, and the dopamine receptor antagonist alpha-flupenthixol. The effects of ethanol were blocked by SR141716A and alpha-flupenthixol, but not by naloxone. Combined administration of subeffective doses of nicotine and ethanol only modestly enhanced social play. These results show that the facilitatory effects of nicotine and ethanol on social play are behaviorally specific and mediated through neurotransmitter systems involved in positive emotions and motivation, through partially dissociable mechanisms. Furthermore, the stimulating effects of nicotine and ethanol on social play behavior are independent of their anxiolytic-like properties.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Gardner, EL
通讯作者：
Gardner, EL
DOI：
10.1097/00000374-199911000-00019
发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Brodie, MS;Pesold, C;Appel, SB
通讯作者：
Appel, SB
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Cohen, C;Kodas, E;Griebel, G
通讯作者：
Griebel, G
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
HUMPHREYS, AP;EINON, DF
通讯作者：
EINON, DF
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
González, S;Cascio, MG;Ramos, JA
通讯作者：
Ramos, JA