Chloroplast digestion and the development of functional kleptoplasty in juvenile Elysia timida (Risso, 1818) as compared to short-term and non-chloroplast-retaining sacoglossan slugs.
Chloroplast digestion and the development of functional kleptoplasty in juvenile Elysia timida (Risso, 1818) as compared to short-term and non-chloroplast-retaining sacoglossan slugs.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0182910
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wägele H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laetz EMJ;Wägele H
囊舌海蛞蝓是唯一已知的进行功能性kleptoplasty的后生动物，功能性叶绿体在其消化腺细胞内的隔离和保留。值得注意的是，少数具有这种能力的物种可以在3-12个月的饥饿期内存活，这可能是由于它们的叶绿体被盗。没有报道称纤体从母蛞蝓转移到卵或幼蛞蝓，这表明每只动物必须独立获得纤体，并发展出在消化腺内维持纤体的能力。我们在这里提出了一个调查的发展功能kleptoplasty在一个长期kleptoplast保留物种，Elysia timida。将不同变质后年龄的幼体蛞蝓置于饥饿状态，并与5种已知的短期保留蛞蝓物种和5种非保留蛞蝓物种进行比较。随后的结果表明，E.在变态后15天，这些动物比许多短期保留物种活得更久。还使用溶酶体丰度作为指标监测消化活动，揭示饥饿青少年与成年人的不同模式。饥饿的青少年被重新引入食物，以确定饥饿结束时消化活性的任何差异，导致kleptoplasts数量的增加，但溶酶体活性没有总体变化。通过揭示这些动物在早期发育过程中发生的一些变化，这些变化开始为非kleptoplast保留并成长为长期保留的蛞蝓，这项调查为未来探究这种非凡能力的起源和发展提供了基础。
Sacoglossan sea slugs are the only metazoans known to perform functional kleptoplasty, the sequestration and retention of functional chloroplasts within their digestive gland cells. Remarkably, a few species with this ability can survive starvation periods of 3–12 months likely due to their stolen chloroplasts. There are no reports of kleptoplast transfer from mother slug to either eggs or juveniles, demonstrating that each animal must independently acquire its kleptoplasts and develop the ability to maintain them within its digestive gland. We present here an investigation into the development of functional kleptoplasty in a long-term kleptoplast retaining species, Elysia timida. Laboratory-reared juvenile slugs of different post-metamorphic ages were placed in starvation and compared to 5 known short-term retaining slug species and 5 non-retaining slug species. The subsequent results indicate that functional kleptoplasty is not performed by E. timida until after 15 days post-metamorphosis and that by 25 days, these animals outlive many of the short-term retention species. Digestive activity was also monitored using lysosomal abundance as an indicator, revealing different patterns in starving juveniles versus adults. Starved juveniles were reintroduced to food to determine any differences in digestive activity when starvation ends, resulting in an increase in the number of kleptoplasts, but no overall change in lysosomal activity. By revealing some of the changes that occur during early development in these animals, which begin as non-kleptoplast-retaining and grow into long-term retaining slugs, this investigation provides a basis for future inquiries into the origin and development of this remarkable ability.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
de Vries J;Habicht J;Woehle C;Huang C;Christa G;Wägele H;Nickelsen J;Martin WF;Gould SB
通讯作者：
Gould SB
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Christa G;Händeler K;Schäberle TF;König GM;Wägele H
通讯作者：
Wägele H
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.1975.tb00738.x
发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
HINDE, R;SMITH, DC
通讯作者：
SMITH, DC
DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2008.01.020
发表时间：
2008-03-31
影响因子：
2
作者：
Casalduero, F. Gimenez;Muniain, C.
通讯作者：
Muniain, C.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
MARIN, A;ROS, JD
通讯作者：
ROS, JD