Allopatric hybrids as evidence for past range dynamics in Sempervivum (Crassulaceae), a western Eurasian high mountain oreophyte
Allopatric hybrids as evidence for past range dynamics in Sempervivum (Crassulaceae), a western Eurasian high mountain oreophyte
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异域杂种作为欧亚西部高山矿石植物长生草（景天科）过去范围动态的证据
DOI：
10.1007/s00035-016-0164-8
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Kadereit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kadereit
化石证据、地理分析、物种分布模型和古代DNA分析都表明，植物分布随着时间的推移而高度动态化。我们使用的地理分布的内部和种间杂种inSempervivum，欧亚大陆西部高山oreophyte，作为证据，他们的父母过去的范围动态。对101个Sempervivum的核内转录间隔区（ITS）、核内基因间隔区（IGS）的部分序列以及叶绿体的三个标记atpI-atpH、rps 16-intron和trnQ-rps 16进行了分析。通过ITS和IGS的聚合酶链反应产物直接测序中双碱基调用的存在来鉴定杂交个体。通过与无双碱基调用的序列和与cpDNA序列的比较来推断亲子关系。我们确定了27个杂交个体，其中10例在父母一方的当前分布范围之外，8例在父母双方（或全部三方）的当前分布范围之外。杂种和异地亲本的地理距离在25 ~ 2100 km之间。杂交个体相对于其父母的分布为过去的范围动态和有时在很大的地理距离上的迁移提供了证据。由于所有涉及的类群已被假定为第四纪起源在早期的研究中，我们假设杂交发生在冰川避难所的父母种接触。
Fossil evidence, phylogeographic analyses, species distribution modelling and ancient DNA analyses have all shown that plant distributions have been highly dynamic through time. We use the geographical distribution of intra- and interspecific hybrids inSempervivum, a western Eurasian high mountain oreophyte, as evidence for the past range dynamics of their parents. Sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), parts of the nuclear ribosomal intergenic spacer region (IGS), and the three chloroplast markersatpI–atpH,rps16-intron andtrnQ–rps16 were generated for 101 individuals ofSempervivumfrom across its entire distribution range. Hybrid individuals were identified by the presence of double base calls in direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products of ITS and IGS. Parentage was inferred from comparison with sequences without double base calls and with cpDNA sequences. We identified 27 hybrid individuals, which were found outside the current distribution range of one parent in 10 cases and with both (or all three) parents in eight cases. Geographical distance of hybrids and allopatric parents ranged from 25 to 2100ákm. The distribution of hybrid individuals in relation to their parents provides evidence for past range dynamics and migration over sometimes large geographical distances. As all taxa involved had been postulated to be of Quaternary origin in an earlier study, we hypothesise that hybridisation took place in glacial refugia where the parental species came into contact.
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