Crop Pollen Development under Drought: From the Phenotype to the Mechanism
Crop Pollen Development under Drought: From the Phenotype to the Mechanism
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干旱条件下作物花粉发育：从表型到机制
DOI：
10.3390/ijms20071550
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Guo Changkui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu Jing;Jiang Mengyuan;Guo Changkui
干旱胁迫引起的花粉不育是导致全球农作物减产的一个有害因素。在生殖过程中，花药的减数分裂阶段和有丝分裂阶段都非常容易受到水分胁迫的影响。这些时期的干旱通过影响花药的性质和结构而导致花粉不育，包括一些减数分裂细胞的退化，定向错乱的小孢子，扩大的中层和异常的液泡化的绒毡层。干旱处理的花药内环境动态平衡失衡，赤霉酸(GA)和生长素含量降低，脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸(JA)和活性氧(ROS)含量增加。生殖阶段干旱胁迫的影响可能与碳水化合物的可获得性、新陈代谢和分配的变化有关。本文综述了干旱胁迫下作物花粉发育的分子调控机制。减数分裂相关基因、糖转运蛋白基因、GA和ABA途径基因以及ROS相关基因在花药中的表达可能发生改变，以修复干旱诱导的伤害。也可能是一些主要在花药中表达的干旱反应基因调节了花药相关基因的表达，从而提高了耐旱性和花药发育。深入了解逆境下花粉发育的分子调控机制，将有利于选育干旱条件下高产稳产的抗旱作物。
Drought stress induced pollen sterility is a harmful factor that reduces crop yield worldwide. During the reproductive process, the meiotic stage and the mitotic stage in anthers are both highly vulnerable to water deficiency. Drought at these stages causes pollen sterility by affecting the nature and structure of the anthers, including the degeneration of some meiocytes, disorientated microspores, an expanded middle layer and abnormal vacuolizated tapeta. The homeostasis of the internal environment is imbalanced in drought-treated anthers, involving the decreases of gibberellic acid (GA) and auxin, and the increases of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Changes in carbohydrate availability, metabolism and distribution may be involved in the effects of drought stress at the reproductive stages. Here, we summarize the molecular regulatory mechanism of crop pollen development under drought stresses. The meiosis-related genes, sugar transporter genes, GA and ABA pathway genes and ROS-related genes may be altered in their expression in anthers to repair the drought-induced injures. It could also be that some drought-responsive genes, mainly expressed in the anther, regulate the expression of anther-related genes to improve both drought tolerance and anther development. A deepened understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of pollen development under stress will be beneficial for breeding drought-tolerant crops with high and stable yield under drought conditions.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Oszvald M;Primavesi LF;Griffiths CA;Cohn J;Basu SS;Nuccio ML;Paul MJ
通讯作者：
Paul MJ
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Gómez JF;Wilson ZA
通讯作者：
Wilson ZA
干旱胁迫对两个冬小麦品种花粉不育、产量、脱落酸和保护酶的影响
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Dong B;Zheng X;Liu H;Able JA;Yang H;Zhao H;Zhang M;Qiao Y;Wang Y;Liu M
通讯作者：
Liu M
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Saini;M. Westgate
通讯作者：
H. Saini;M. Westgate
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
BOYER, JS
通讯作者：
BOYER, JS