Release of tens of thousands of microfibers from discarded face masks under simulated environmental conditions.
Release of tens of thousands of microfibers from discarded face masks under simulated environmental conditions.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150458
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Cai, Zongwei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Pengfei;Li, Jiangpeng;Lu, Xiao;Tang, Yuanyuan;Cai, Zongwei
虽然水和沉积物的机械磨损是风化过程中主要和关键的一步，但由于新型冠状病毒(新冠肺炎)肺炎的传播，废弃口罩的激增无疑将成为微/纳米纤维的潜在来源。然而，机械磨损对废弃口罩的影响既没有得到认真的解决，也没有被理解。因此，我们进行了一项模拟实验，以探索普通口罩、外科口罩和面部滤过片(FFP)口罩在机械磨损后释放的微纤维的丰度、尺寸分布和形态。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、荧光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜等技术。结果表明，在水环境和沉积物环境中，微纤维的释放丰度均遵循外科手术的顺序，最大丰度达到272条/平方厘米面罩(−2)。取口罩进一步观察，释放纤维长度为47.78m~3.93mμ，72.41~89.58%的纤维释放范围在0.1m~1.m m。然而，在沉积物环境中，长度很小(1-100gμm)的微纤维可占释放纤维总数的0.09%-13.59%。沉淀物磨损后纤维表面粗糙度逐渐增大。此外，形态分析表明，沉积磨损后纤维表面发生了明显的变化，出现了数不清的裂纹和许多突出的突起。裂缝和突起可能进一步加速面罩的分解，从而潜在地导致其他污染物的吸附和自含化学品的释放。这项研究提供了一个有价值的关于丢弃口罩在初级但关键阶段释放的超细纤维的数据库，并进一步贡献了关于因新冠肺炎而丢弃的个人防护装备对环境影响的知识。
While mechanical abrasion by water and sediment is a primary and critical step in weathering process, the upsurge of discarded face masks will undoubtedly become a potential source of micro-/nanofibers owing to the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. However, effects of mechanical abrasion on discarded face masks have neither been seriously addressed nor understood. Therefore, we conducted a simulated experiment to explore abundance, size distribution and morphology of microfibers released from common, surgical and face filtering piece (FFP) masks after mechanical abrasion. Technologies such as Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used. Results showed that the abundance of released microfibers followed order of surgical > common > FFP in both water and sediment environments, and the maximum abundance reached 272 ± 12.49 items per square centimeter of mask (items·cm−2) after sediment abrasion. Taking surgical mask for further investigation, the length of released fiber was observed to vary from 47.78 μm to 3.93 mm, and 72.41–89.58% of the total number of released microfibers fell in the range of 0.1–1 mm. However, microfibers with a very small length (1–100 μm) can occupy 0.09–13.59% of the total number of released fibers in sediment environment. The roughness of fiber surface after sediment abrasion was successively increased. Furthermore, the morphology analysis showed significant changes with countless cracks and many prominent protrusions on fiber surface after sediment abrasion. The cracks and protrusions may further accelerate mask decomposition, thereby potentially resulting in the adsorption of other contaminants and the release of self-containing chemicals. This study provides a valuable database of microfibers released from discarded face masks at the primary but critical stage, and further contributes knowledge on environmental impact of discarded personal protective equipment due to COVID-19.
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影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Li L;Zhao X;Li Z;Song K
通讯作者：
Song K
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Lin, Lang;Zuo, Lin-Zi;Xu, Xiang-Rong
通讯作者：
Xu, Xiang-Rong
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Asamoah, Benjamin O.;Kanyathare, Boniphace;Peiponen, Kai-Erik
通讯作者：
Peiponen, Kai-Erik
DOI：
10.1002/jgh3.12457
发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
影响因子：
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作者：
Ibrahim YS;Tuan Anuar S;Azmi AA;Wan Mohd Khalik WMA;Lehata S;Hamzah SR;Ismail D;Ma ZF;Dzulkarnaen A;Zakaria Z;Mustaffa N;Tuan Sharif SE;Lee YY
通讯作者：
Lee YY
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
Gao, Shixiang