Diverse novel functions of neutrophils in immunity, inflammation, and beyond.
Diverse novel functions of neutrophils in immunity, inflammation, and beyond.
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中性粒细胞在免疫，炎症及以后的各种新型功能。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20122220
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mócsai A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mócsai A
长期以来，中性粒细胞一直被认为是免疫反应层级最底层的简单自杀杀手。这种观点在10-20年前开始改变，当时中性粒细胞定位和消除病原体以及调节免疫和炎症的复杂机制被发现。在过去的几年里，关于这些细胞的额外的新奇和意想不到的功能的新一轮发现。中性粒细胞被认为参与了对病毒和分枝杆菌等细胞内病原体的保护作用。它们被证明在不同水平上密切地塑造适应性免疫反应，包括边缘带B细胞、浆细胞样树突状细胞和T细胞群，甚至控制NK细胞的动态平衡。中性粒细胞已被证明介导了全身过敏反应的另一种途径，并参与了过敏皮肤反应。最后，中性粒细胞被发现参与免疫系统以外的生理和病理过程，如糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成。其中许多功能似乎与其释放中性粒细胞胞外陷阱的独特能力有关，即使在没有病原体的情况下也是如此。本文综述了中性粒细胞多种功能的新发现，以及它们如何改变我们对中性粒细胞生物学在健康和疾病中的看法。
Neutrophils have long been considered simple suicide killers at the bottom of the hierarchy of the immune response. That view began to change 10–20 yr ago, when the sophisticated mechanisms behind how neutrophils locate and eliminate pathogens and regulate immunity and inflammation were discovered. The last few years witnessed a new wave of discoveries about additional novel and unexpected functions of these cells. Neutrophils have been proposed to participate in protection against intracellular pathogens such as viruses and mycobacteria. They have been shown to intimately shape the adaptive immune response at various levels, including marginal zone B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells and T cell populations, and even to control NK cell homeostasis. Neutrophils have been shown to mediate an alternative pathway of systemic anaphylaxis and to participate in allergic skin reactions. Finally, neutrophils were found to be involved in physiological and pathological processes beyond the immune system, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and thrombus formation. Many of those functions appear to be related to their unique ability to release neutrophil extracellular traps even in the absence of pathogens. This review summarizes those novel findings on versatile functions of neutrophils and how they change our view of neutrophil biology in health and disease.
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20021553
发表时间：
2003-03-17
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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