Hygienic practices and diarrheal illness among persons living in at-risk settings in Kabul, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study.
Hygienic practices and diarrheal illness among persons living in at-risk settings in Kabul, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study.
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阿富汗喀布尔高危地区居民的卫生习惯和腹泻病：一项横断面研究。
DOI：
10.1186/s12879-016-1789-3
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发表时间：
2016-08-31
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Boulton ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mubarak MY;Wagner AL;Asami M;Carlson BF;Boulton ML
持续的内战和军事冲突造成大量境内流离失所者，再加上迅速的城市化，使阿富汗各城市的公共卫生和环境卫生面临压力。为了研究预防性卫生行为和腹泻之间的关联在两个高风险的设置位于喀布尔，阿富汗，本研究旨在评估卫生习惯和腹泻疾病的流行在国内流离失所者营地和城市贫民窟。在这项横断面研究中，使用了阿富汗喀布尔境内流离失所者营地和城市贫民窟居民的方便样本。参与者被要求描述他们的卫生习惯和采访者独立记录家庭卫生。比较两个地区居民预防腹泻的知识、态度和卫生行为。共招募了200名参与者，每种环境各100名。知识，态度和做法的卫生活动，以防止腹泻的贫民窟居民比国内流离失所者。不到一半的参与者在饭前或饭后用肥皂洗手：31%的贫民窟居民饭前洗手，而国内流离失所者只有11%（P = 0.0050），25%的贫民窟居民排便后洗手，而国内流离失所者只有4%（P = 0.0020）。与贫民窟居民相比，国内流离失所者更有可能共用厕所（P = 0.0144），不太可能对厕所进行消毒。过去3个月内，国内流离失所者营地的家庭腹泻（54%）比贫民窟（20%）更常见（P = 0.0020）。尽管某些卫生和个人卫生做法在贫民窟居民中比在国内流离失所者中更为普遍，但这两种环境中缺乏个人卫生活动表明，需要采取干预措施改变行为，如增加肥皂的供应和鼓励洗手。任何倡议都必须在这两种环境中的人普遍文盲的情况下制定。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12879-016-1789-3）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Sustained civil and military conflict, resulting in large numbers of internally displaced persons (IDP), in combination with rapid urbanization has strained public health and sanitation within cities in Afghanistan. In order to examine the association between preventive sanitary behaviors and diarrhea within two high risk settings located within Kabul, Afghanistan, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hygienic practices and diarrheal illness in an IDP camp and an urban slum. In this cross sectional study, a convenience sample of residents of an IDP camp and an urban slum in Kabul, Afghanistan, was used. Participants were asked to describe their hygienic practices and interviewers independently documented household sanitation. The knowledge and attitudes about and practice of hygienic activities to prevent diarrhea were compared between the two settings. Two hundred participants, 100 from each setting, were enrolled. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding hygienic activities to prevent diarrhea were greater among the slum dwellers than the IDP. Fewer than half of participants washed their hands with soap before eating or after eating: 31 % of slum dwellers washed before eating compared to 11 % of IDPs (P = 0.0050), and 25 % of slum dwellers washed after defecating compared to 4 % of IDPs (P = 0.0020). The IDPs were more likely to share a latrine (P = 0.0144) and less likely to disinfect their latrine than slum dwellers. Diarrhea in the household within the past 3 months was more common in the IDP camp (54 %) than the slum (20 %) (P = 0.0020). Even though certain sanitary and hygienic practices were more common among slum dwellers than IDPs, the lack of hygienic activities in both setting indicates that interventions to change behavior, like increasing the availability of soap and encouraging hand washing, are needed. Any initiative will have to be developed in the context of pervasive illiteracy among persons in both of these settings. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1789-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Aluisio, Adam R.;Maroof, Zabihullah;Ensink, Jeroen H. J.
通讯作者：
Ensink, Jeroen H. J.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Gon, Giorgia;Monzon-Llamas, Laura;Campbell, Oona M. R.
通讯作者：
Campbell, Oona M. R.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Opryszko, Melissa C.;Majeed, Sayed Waheedullah;Burnham, Gilbert
通讯作者：
Burnham, Gilbert
DOI：
10.1016/s2214-109x(15)00151-5
发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
The Lancet. Global health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Platts-Mills JA;Babji S;Bodhidatta L;Gratz J;Haque R;Havt A;McCormick BJ;McGrath M;Olortegui MP;Samie A;Shakoor S;Mondal D;Lima IF;Hariraju D;Rayamajhi BB;Qureshi S;Kabir F;Yori PP;Mufamadi B;Amour C;Carreon JD;Richard SA;Lang D;Bessong P;Mduma E;Ahmed T;Lima AA;Mason CJ;Zaidi AK;Bhutta ZA;Kosek M;Guerrant RL;Gottlieb M;Miller M;Kang G;Houpt ER;MAL-ED Network Investigators
通讯作者：
MAL-ED Network Investigators
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Sclar, ED;Garau, P;Carolini, G
通讯作者：
Carolini, G