Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.

Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature08212
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发表时间:
2009-08-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Ramalho-Santos M
Ramalho-Santos M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaspar-Maia A;Alajem A;Polesso F;Sridharan R;Mason MJ;Heidersbach A;Ramalho-Santos J;McManus MT;Plath K;Meshorer E;Ramalho-Santos M

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开放的染色质在很大程度上没有异染色质是干细胞的标志,从平面主义者到哺乳动物。尚不清楚是否需要开放染色质对于干细胞的分化潜力,以及在干细胞中维持开放染色质的分子是什么。在这里,我们表明需要染色质重塑因子CHD1来维持多能小鼠胚胎(ES)细胞的开放染色质状态。 CHD1是一种与活性基因启动子相关的构想蛋白,CHD1的下调会导致异染色质在ES细胞中的积累。缺乏CHD1的ES细胞不再具有多功能性,因为它们无法引起原始内胚层,并且具有很高的神经分化倾向。此外,有效重编程成纤维细胞到多能干细胞状态所必需的CHD1。我们的结果表明,CHD1对于ES细胞的开放染色质和多能性以及对多能状态的体细胞重编程至关重要。数据表明,多能干细胞存在于异染色质和异染色质的相对表观遗传影响的动态状态。
An open chromatin largely devoid of heterochromatin is a hallmark of stem cells, from Planarians to Mammals. It remains unknown whether an open chromatin is necessary for the differentiation potential of stem cells, and what are the molecules that maintain open chromatin in stem cells. Here we show that the chromatin remodeling factor Chd1 is required to maintain the open chromatin state of pluripotent mouse Embryonic Stem (ES) cells. Chd1 is a euchromatin protein that associates with the promoters of active genes, and down-regulation of Chd1 leads to accumulation of heterochromatin in ES cells. Chd1-deficient ES cells are no longer pluripotent, because they are incapable of giving rise to primitive endoderm and have a high propensity for neural differentiation. Furthermore, Chd1 is required for efficient reprogramming of fibroblasts to the pluripotent stem cell state. Our results indicate that Chd1 is essential for open chromatin and pluripotency of ES cells, and for somatic cell reprogramming to the pluripotent state. The data suggest that pluripotent stem cells exist in a dynamic state of opposing epigenetic influences of euchromatin and heterochromatin.
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