Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.
Chd1 regulates open chromatin and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature08212
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发表时间:
2009-08-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Ramalho-Santos M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaspar-Maia A;Alajem A;Polesso F;Sridharan R;Mason MJ;Heidersbach A;Ramalho-Santos J;McManus MT;Plath K;Meshorer E;Ramalho-Santos M
An open chromatin largely devoid of heterochromatin is a hallmark of stem cells, from Planarians to Mammals. It remains unknown whether an open chromatin is necessary for the differentiation potential of stem cells, and what are the molecules that maintain open chromatin in stem cells. Here we show that the chromatin remodeling factor Chd1 is required to maintain the open chromatin state of pluripotent mouse Embryonic Stem (ES) cells. Chd1 is a euchromatin protein that associates with the promoters of active genes, and down-regulation of Chd1 leads to accumulation of heterochromatin in ES cells. Chd1-deficient ES cells are no longer pluripotent, because they are incapable of giving rise to primitive endoderm and have a high propensity for neural differentiation. Furthermore, Chd1 is required for efficient reprogramming of fibroblasts to the pluripotent stem cell state. Our results indicate that Chd1 is essential for open chromatin and pluripotency of ES cells, and for somatic cell reprogramming to the pluripotent state. The data suggest that pluripotent stem cells exist in a dynamic state of opposing epigenetic influences of euchromatin and heterochromatin.
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DOI:
10.1073/pnas.011404098
发表时间:
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影响因子:
11.1
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通讯作者:
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