Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic

Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic
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海洋治理的制度导航:俄罗斯和美国的经验教训 北极本土多层次捕鲸治理

DOI:
10.1016/j.esg.2022.100154
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Kempf, Morgan
Kempf, Morgan
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
York, Abigail M.;Zdor, Eduard;BurnSilver, Shauna;Degai, Tatiana;Monakhova, Maria;Isakova, Svetlana;Petrov, Andrey N.;Kempf, Morgan

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海洋治理是通过重叠的多层次机构进行的,这些机构往往不承认土著主权和自决。国际捕鲸委员会(捕鲸委员会)为承认土著权利提供了途径。然而,观察到的权力不对称和跨层面的地方到国际冲突威胁到美国和俄罗斯的楚科奇、伊尼皮亚特、圣劳伦斯岛尤皮克和西伯利亚尤皮克社区的生存权,并导致研究和宣传疲劳。我们根据土著作者的生活经验、来自共同管理组织、国家机构、国际捕鲸委员会的主要文件和现有文献,对土著弓头鲸的治理进行了机构分析。我们探索土著共同管理组织如何为其文化、身份、生计和起源与海洋哺乳动物狩猎密切相关的社区增加主权和自决。我们的研究还为联合国海洋科学十年提供了关于机构航行的挑战以及土著社区在地球系统治理中的具体复兴做法的作用的经验教训。
Oceans governance occurs through overlapping, multi-level institutions that often fail to recognize Indigenous sovereignty and self-determination. The International Whaling Commission (IWC) provides pathways for recognizing Indigenous rights. However, observed power asymmetries and cross-level local to international conflicts threatened subsistence rights and generated research and advocacy fatigue for Chukchi, Iñupiat, Saint Lawrence Island Yupik, and Siberian Yupik communities in the USA and Russia. We conduct an institutional analysis of Indigenous bowhead whaling governance based upon lived experiences of Indigenous authors, primary documents from co-management organizations, national agencies, the IWC, and extant literature. We explore how Indigenous co-management organizations increased sovereignty and self-determination for communities whose culture, identities, livelihoods, and origins are intimately connected to marine mammal hunting. Our study also provides lessons for the United Nations Decade for Ocean Science on the challenges of institutional navigation and the role of embodied resurgent practice amongst Indigenous communities within Earth system governance.
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