Nuclear Exodus: Herpesviruses Lead the Way.

Nuclear Exodus: Herpesviruses Lead the Way.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042215
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发表时间:
2016-09-29
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
Heldwein EE
Heldwein EE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bigalke JM;Heldwein EE

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大多数DNA病毒在细胞核内复制,然后通过核孔或破裂核膜离开细胞核。不同寻常的是,疱疹病毒进化出了一种复杂的核逃逸机制,即新生衣壳在核膜内萌发形成核周病毒粒子,随后与外核膜融合,将衣壳释放到细胞质中。尽管这一总体方案在该领域被接受,但参与者及其角色仍存在争议。最近的研究阐明了这一神秘过程的关键机制特征,并发现了与一种新的细胞核输出过程惊人的相似之处。这篇综述总结了我们目前对疱疹病毒核输出的理解,检查了实验证据和模型,并概述了悬而未决的问题,目的是刺激这一领域的新研究。
Most DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus and exit it either by passing through the nuclear pores or by rupturing the nuclear envelope. Unusually, herpesviruses have evolved a complex mechanism of nuclear escape whereby nascent capsids bud at the inner nuclear membrane to form perinuclear virions that subsequently fuse with the outer nuclear membrane, releasing capsids into the cytosol. Although this general scheme is accepted in the field, the players and their roles are still debated. Recent studies illuminated critical mechanistic features of this enigmatic process and uncovered surprising parallels with a novel cellular nuclear export process. This review summarizes our current understanding of nuclear egress in herpesviruses, examines the experimental evidence and models, and outlines outstanding questions with the goal of stimulating new research in this area.
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