Efficient, environmentally-friendly and specific valorization of lignin: promising role of non-radical lignolytic enzymes

Efficient, environmentally-friendly and specific valorization of lignin: promising role of non-radical lignolytic enzymes
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木质素的高效、环保和特异性增值:非自由基木质素分解酶的前景广阔

DOI:
10.1007/s11274-017-2286-6
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发表时间:
2017-05
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Linhardt Robert J
Linhardt Robert J
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Wenya;Zhang Chao;Sun Xinxiao;Su Sisi;Li Qiang;Linhardt Robert J

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木质素是自然界第二丰富的生物资源。将木质素转化为高附加值化学品以加速木质纤维素生物精炼的发展变得越来越重要。在过去的几十年里,人们广泛探索物理和化学方法来降解木质素并将其转化为有价值的化学品。不幸的是,由于一些困难,这些进展已经滞后,其中高能耗和木质素中化学键的非特异性断裂仍然是最大的挑战。已发现大量用于木质素降解的酶,这些酶被分类为自由基木质素分解酶和非自由基木质素分解酶。自由基木质素分解酶,包括漆酶、木质素过氧化物酶、锰过氧化物酶和多功能过氧化物酶,是基于自由基的生物催化剂,其通过化学键的非特异性裂解来降解木质素,但也可以催化木质素片段的基于自由基的再聚合。相比之下,非自由基木质素分解酶选择性地裂解木质素和木质素模型化合物中的化学键,因此有望用于制备高附加值化学品。在这篇小综述中,讨论了非自由基木质素分解酶的最新进展。其中包括最近发现的非自由基木质素分解酶、其木质素转化的代谢途径、其最近在木质素生物精炼中的应用,以及生物催化剂与物理/化学方法相结合用于木质素精炼工业开发。
Lignin is the second most abundant bio-resource in nature. It is increasingly important to convert lignin into high value-added chemicals to accelerate the development of the lignocellulose biorefinery. Over the past several decades, physical and chemical methods have been widely explored to degrade lignin and convert it into valuable chemicals. Unfortunately, these developments have lagged because of several difficulties, of which high energy consumption and non-specific cleavage of chemical bonds in lignin remain the greatest challenges. A large number of enzymes have been discovered for lignin degradation and these are classified as radical lignolytic enzymes and non-radical lignolytic enzymes. Radical lignolytic enzymes, including laccases, lignin peroxidases, manganese peroxidases and versatile peroxidases, are radical-based bio-catalysts, which degrade lignins through non-specific cleavage of chemical bonds but can also catalyze the radical-based re-polymerization of lignin fragments. In contrast, non-radical lignolytic enzymes selectively cleave chemical bonds in lignin and lignin model compounds and, thus, show promise for use in the preparation of high value-added chemicals. In this mini-review, recent developments on non-radical lignolytic enzymes are discussed. These include recently discovered non-radical lignolytic enzymes, their metabolic pathways for lignin conversion, their recent application in the lignin biorefinery, and the combination of bio-catalysts with physical/chemical methods for industrial development of the lignin refinery.
DOI: 10.1002/chin.201629286
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