The Impact of Pro-Government Militias on Human Rights Violations

The Impact of Pro-Government Militias on Human Rights Violations
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亲政府民兵对侵犯人权行为的影响

DOI:
10.1080/03050629.2014.932783
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Mitchell N
Mitchell N
中科院分区:
法学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mitchell N

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新的数据显示,1982年至2007年期间,60多个国家的政府与本国境内的非正式武装团体有联系或合作。鉴于这些联系的普遍性,我们要问的是,政府与非正式武装团体之间的这种联系如何影响镇压的风险。我们借鉴委托代理人的论点,探讨如何监测和控制的问题有助于了解民兵对侵犯人权行为的影响。我们认为,这种非正式的代理人增加了政府的问责问题,这可能会恶化人权状况有两个原因。首先,政府更难控制和训练这些民兵,他们可能在使用暴力方面有私人利益。第二,非正式武装团体允许政府推卸责任,利用镇压获得战略利益,同时逃避责任。使用1982年至2007年的全球数据集,我们表明亲政府民兵增加了镇压的风险,民兵的存在也影响了我们观察到的侵权行为的类型。
New data show that between 1982 and 2007, in over 60 countries governments were linked to and cooperated with informal armed groups within their own borders. Given the prevalence of these linkages, we ask how such links between governments and informal armed groups influence the risk of repression. We draw on principal-agent arguments to explore how issues of monitoring and control help understanding of the impact of militias on human rights violations. We argue that such informal agents increase accountability problems for the governments, which is likely to worsen human rights conditions for two reasons. First, it is more difficult for governments to control and to train these militias, and they may have private interests in the use of violence. Second, informal armed groups allow governments to shift responsibility and use repression for strategic benefits while evading accountability. Using a global dataset from 1982 to 2007, we show that pro-government militias increase the risk of repression and that the presence of militias also affects the type of violations that we observe.
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