Early Childhood Poverty: Short and Long-Run Consequences Over the Lifespan
Early Childhood Poverty: Short and Long-Run Consequences Over the Lifespan
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儿童早期贫困：一生的短期和长期后果
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-20880-0_15
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Kathleen M. Ziol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kalil;G. Duncan;Kathleen M. Ziol
贫困儿童开始上学时远远落后于富裕的同龄人，这种差距在整个学年中一直存在。低收入家庭比富裕家庭承受更大的压力，这些差异可能会影响儿童的发展。经济学理论认为，贫困家庭的孩子落后于经济条件优越的孩子，部分原因是他们的父母在他们身上投入的时间和金钱较少。现有的文献很少能够估计在孩子生命的最初几年里低家庭收入的影响-这是孩子发育迅速并且可能对家庭和家庭条件非常敏感的时期。同样，很少有研究能够检验童年时期贫困对成年期衡量结果的影响。这是文献中的一个重要遗漏，不仅因为它限制了对贫困代际再生产的理解，而且因为儿童反贫困政策的目标往往以其对儿童生活机会的影响为特征。
Poor children begin school well behind their more affluent peers and the gaps persist over the school years. Low-income families experience higher levels of stress than more affluent families and these disparities may affect children’s development. Economic theory suggests that children from poor families lag behind their economically advantaged counterparts in part because their parents have less time and money to invest in them. Little of the existing literature has been able to estimate the impacts of low family income during the very earliest years of a child’s life – the time when children are developing rapidly and may be very sensitive to family and home conditions. Similarly few studies have been able to examine the consequences of poverty during childhood for outcomes measured in adulthood. This is an important omission in the literature not only because it limits understanding of the intergenerational reproduction of poverty but also because the goals of childhood anti-poverty policies are often characterized in terms of their impacts on children’s life chances.
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