Larval and phenological traits predict insect community response to mowing regime manipulations.
Larval and phenological traits predict insect community response to mowing regime manipulations.
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幼虫和物候特征预测昆虫群落对割草方式操作的反应。
DOI：
10.1002/eap.1900
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Humbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roel van Klink;Myles H. M. Menz;H. Baur;Oliver Dosch;I. Kühne;Lukas Lischer;H. Luka;Sandro Meyer;Timea Szikora;Debora Unternährer;R. Arlettaz;J. Humbert
为了恢复农业草原的生物多样性，必须了解管理如何对常驻物种起到生态过滤器的作用。割草构成了这样一个过滤器：只有拥有能够承受其后果的功能特征的物种才能在群落中持续存在。我们研究了割草的时机如何调节这种对昆虫的过滤效果。我们预测有两个特征会驱动物种的反应。草甸植被内幼虫发育的物种将比幼虫在草甸内或地上或草甸外发育的物种更容易受到割草的影响，而物候期较晚的物种应受益于晚割。我们进行了一项为期五年的试验，在瑞士低地的12个地点重复进行，在低强度的干草草地上应用了三种不同的割草制度：(1)今年第一次割草不早于6月15日(对照制度)；(2)第一次割草推迟到7月15日；(3)在10%-20%的草甸面积上留有未割的草地(最早的第一次割草是在6月15日)。在四五年第一次采伐前，我们采集了鳞翅目和锯蝇的幼虫，以及蛾、寄生蜂、野蜜蜂、飞蝇、地面甲虫和流浪甲成虫的样本。总体而言，在今年第一次割草之前，延迟割草或未割草的草甸中有植被幼虫的物种丰富度较高，有一些分类群特有的差异。相反，其幼虫发育不受草甸植被影响的物种在不同的割草方式下没有显示出丰度差异。物种丰富度在不同的政权之间没有差异。对于有植物栖息的幼虫的物种，第四角分析表明早期物候和控制制度之间存在关联。没有发现其他官能团的关联。我们的结果表明，稍微修改割草制度，很容易在农业环境政策方案中实施，可以增加无脊椎动物的数量，潜在地有利于食虫脊椎动物。
For the restoration of biodiversity in agricultural grasslands, it is essential to understand how management acts as an ecological filter on the resident species. Mowing constitutes such a filter: only species that possess functional traits enabling them to withstand its consequences can persist in the community. We investigated how the timing of mowing modulates this filtering effect for insects. We predicted that two traits drive species responses. Species with larval development within the meadow vegetation will suffer more from mowing than species whose larvae develop in or on the ground, or outside the meadows, while species with a later phenology should benefit from later mowing. We conducted a five-year experiment, replicated at 12 sites across the Swiss lowlands, applying three different mowing regimes to low-intensity hay meadows: (1) first cut of the year not earlier than 15 June (control regime); (2) the first cut delayed until 15 July; and (3) leaving an uncut grass refuge on 10-20% of the meadow area (after earliest first cut on 15 June). Before the first cut in years 4 or 5, we sampled larvae of Lepidoptera and sawflies, and adults of moths, parasitoid wasps, wild bees, hoverflies, ground beetles, and rove beetles. Overall, before the first cut of the year, abundances of species with vegetation-dwelling larvae were higher in meadows with delayed mowing or an uncut grass refuge, with some taxon-specific variation. In contrast, species whose larval development is independent of the meadow vegetation showed no differences in abundance between mowing regimes. Species richness did not differ among regimes. For species with vegetation-dwelling larvae, a fourth-corner analysis showed an association between early phenology and the control regime. No associations were found for the other functional groups. Our results show that slight modifications of mowing regimes, easily implementable in agri-environmental policy schemes, can boost invertebrate abundance, potentially benefitting insectivorous vertebrates.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Gossner, Martin M.;Lewinsohn, Thomas M.;Allan, Eric
通讯作者：
Allan, Eric
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1312213111
发表时间：
2014-01-07
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Allan, Eric;Bossdorf, Oliver;Fischer, Markus
通讯作者：
Fischer, Markus