Preschool and School Meal Policies: An Overview of What We Know about Regulation, Implementation, and Impact on Diet in the UK, Sweden, and Australia.
Preschool and School Meal Policies: An Overview of What We Know about Regulation, Implementation, and Impact on Diet in the UK, Sweden, and Australia.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu9070736
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发表时间：
2017-07-11
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Evans CEL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lucas PJ;Patterson E;Sacks G;Billich N;Evans CEL
在饮食习惯和食物偏好正在形成的时期，学校供餐对健康饮食行为做出了重大贡献。我们概述了英国、瑞典和澳大利亚这三个国家的学前班和小学膳食的提供、监管和改进方法，这三个国家的学校膳食集中度和监管程度各不相同。瑞典采用集中化方法；所有儿童均可获得免费膳食，并鼓励采用教学方法进行膳食。立法要求膳食有营养。英国的体系多种多样且分散。大多数小学的膳食均按食品标准进行管理，但学前班特定膳食标准仅在苏格兰存在。英国以健康的餐盘方式使用食物组（淀粉类食物、水果和蔬菜、蛋白质和乳制品）。澳大利亚各州和领地均采用学校食堂食品指南，主要采用“红绿灯”方法概述推荐和不鼓励的食品；然而，大多数儿童从家里带食物，不属于本指南的涵盖范围。学前班标准规定提供的食物应该有营养。我们发现学龄前儿童往往缺乏行动，并建议一致的政策、强有力的合规激励、系统性监控以及对更广泛的学校饮食环境（包括家庭提供的食物）的认可将是有益的。
School meals make significant contributions to healthy dietary behaviour, at a time when eating habits and food preferences are being formed. We provide an overview of the approaches to the provision, regulation, and improvement of preschool and primary school meals in the UK, Sweden, and Australia, three countries which vary in their degree of centralisation and regulation of school meals. Sweden has a centralised approach; all children receive free meals, and a pedagogical approach to meals is encouraged. Legislation demands that meals are nutritious. The UK system is varied and decentralised. Meals in most primary schools are regulated by food-based standards, but preschool-specific meal standards only exist in Scotland. The UK uses food groups (starchy foods, fruit and vegetables, proteins and dairy) in a healthy plate approach. Australian States and Territories all employ guidelines for school canteen food, predominantly using a “traffic light” approach outlining recommended and discouraged foods; however, most children bring food from home and are not covered by this guidance. The preschool standards state that food provided should be nutritious. We find that action is often lacking in the preschool years, and suggest that consistent policies, strong incentives for compliance, systematic monitoring, and an acknowledgement of the broader school eating environment (including home provided food) would be beneficial.
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影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Ardzejewska, K.;Tadros, R.;Baxter, D.
通讯作者：
Baxter, D.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Belot, Michele;James, Jonathan
通讯作者：
James, Jonathan
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Cole, Amanda;Vidgen, Helen;Cleland, Phoebe
通讯作者：
Cleland, Phoebe
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
de Silva-Sanigorski A;Prosser L;Carpenter L;Honisett S;Gibbs L;Moodie M;Sheppard L;Swinburn B;Waters E
通讯作者：
Waters E
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Adamson, Ashley;Spence, Suzanne;Nelson, Michael
通讯作者：
Nelson, Michael