Proposed Mechanisms of Targeting COVID-19 by Delivering Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes to Damaged Organs.
Proposed Mechanisms of Targeting COVID-19 by Delivering Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes to Damaged Organs.
复制标题
建议通过将间充质干细胞及其外切体输送到受损器官来靶向新冠肺炎的机制。
DOI：
10.1007/s12015-020-10109-3
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Niknejad H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jamshidi E;Babajani A;Soltani P;Niknejad H
随着新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的爆发，世界面临着前所未有的挑战。考虑到COVID-19缺乏适当的治疗方法，开发有效的治疗方法而不是支持性方法至关重要。间充质干细胞（MSCs）作为多能基质细胞已被证明通过抑制或调节COVID-19的病理事件而具有治疗效力。间充质干细胞及其外泌体通过控制细胞介导的免疫和细胞因子释放参与免疫调节。此外，它们修复肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）功能障碍，增加肺泡液清除，减少高凝的机会。除了肺是SARS-CoV-2的主要目标外，心脏、肾脏、神经系统和胃肠道也会受到COVID-19的影响。因此，需要评估通过MSCs及其外泌体的不同递送途径靶向这些器官的有效性，以确保在COVID-19中安全有效地给药MSCs。本文综述了MSCs及其外泌体对受损器官的治疗机制和递送途径。本文还讨论了引物和转基因间充质干细胞作为一种有前景的药物递送系统在COVID-19中的应用。此外，本文还综述了近年来MSCs及其衍生外泌体作为新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗方法之一的临床研究进展。在线版本包含补充资料，网址为10.1007/s12015-020-10109-3。
With the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the world has been facing an unprecedented challenge. Considering the lack of appropriate therapy for COVID-19, it is crucial to develop effective treatments instead of supportive approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as multipotent stromal cells have been shown to possess treating potency through inhibiting or modulating the pathological events in COVID-19. MSCs and their exosomes participate in immunomodulation by controlling cell-mediated immunity and cytokine release. Furthermore, they repair the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) malfunction, increase alveolar fluid clearance, and reduce the chance of hypercoagulation. Besides the lung, which is the primary target of SARS-CoV-2, the heart, kidney, nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract are also affected by COVID-19. Thus, the efficacy of targeting these organs via different delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes should be evaluated to ensure safe and effective MSCs administration in COVID-19. This review focuses on the proposed therapeutic mechanisms and delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes to the damaged organs. It also discusses the possible application of primed and genetically modified MSCs as a promising drug delivery system in COVID-19. Moreover, the recent advances in the clinical trials of MSCs and MSCs-derived exosomes as one of the promising therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 have been reviewed. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12015-020-10109-3.
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