Cognition in Recent Suicide Attempts: Altered Executive Function.
Cognition in Recent Suicide Attempts: Altered Executive Function.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.701140
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Saíz P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernández-Sevillano J;Alberich S;Zorrilla I;González-Ortega I;López MP;Pérez V;Vieta E;González-Pinto A;Saíz P
背景资料：神经心理学改变可能导致对环境信息的不准确感知，解释和反应，这可能是自杀的危险因素。研究方法：96例受试者来自圣地亚哥阿拉巴大学医院精神科，包括20例根据DSM-V最近尝试和诊断为重度抑郁症（MDD）的患者，33例有自杀未遂史的MDD患者，23例非自杀性MDD患者和20例健康对照。所有参与者都接受了以下认知领域的临床访谈和神经心理学评估：工作记忆，处理速度，决策，执行功能和注意力。进行反向多元回归分析，调整重要的混杂变量。对于组比较，以p < 0.05的显著性水平进行ANOVA和Bonferroni事后检验。结果：在过去的6个月里，患者组在抑郁和压力事件的严重程度方面没有差异。与健康对照组相比，终生自杀企图的抑郁症患者有更多的一般创伤（p = 0.003），情感虐待（p = 0.003），情感疏忽（p = 0.006）和身体疏忽（p = 0.009），最近自杀企图的抑郁症患者经历了更多的儿童性虐待（p = 0.038）。在神经心理学评估方面，所有患者组在处理速度、决策和注意力方面的表现均显著差于健康对照组。患者组之间的比较表明，近期自杀者与抑郁终身自杀者和抑郁非自杀者相比，执行功能表现较差（分别为B = 0.296，p = 0.019和B = 0.301，p = 0.028）。此外，最近尝试过的女性在执行功能方面的得分略高于男性。至于其余的认知领域，两组之间没有显著差异。结论：近期自杀未遂者的执行功能表现发生了改变。由于执行功能受损可能是自杀的危险因素，因此对自杀的预防干预应侧重于其评估和康复。
Background: Neuropsychological alterations can lead to inaccurate perception, interpretation, and response to environmental information, which could be a risk factor for suicide. Methods: Ninety-six subjects were recruited from the Psychiatry Department of the Araba University Hospital—Santiago, including 20 patients with a recent attempt and diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) according to DSM-V, 33 MDD patients with history of attempted suicide, 23 non-attempter MDD patients, and 20 healthy controls. All participants underwent a clinical interview and neuropsychological assessment on the following cognitive domains: working memory, processing speed, decision-making, executive function, and attention. Backward multiple regressions were performed adjusting for significant confounding variables. For group comparisons, ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed with a p < 0.05 significance level. Results: The patient groups did not differ regarding severity of depression and stressful events in the last 6 months. In comparison to healthy controls, depressed patients with lifetime suicide attempts had more general trauma (p = 0.003), emotional abuse (p = 0.003), emotional negligence (p = 0.006), and physical negligence (p = 0.009), and depressed patients with recent suicide attempts had experienced more child sexual abuse (p = 0.038). Regarding neuropsychological assessment, all patient groups performed significantly worse than did healthy controls in processing speed, decision-making, and attention. Comparisons between patient groups indicated that recent suicide attempters had poorer performance on executive function in comparison to both depressed lifetime attempters and depressed non-attempters (B = 0.296, p = 0.019, and B = 0.301, p = 0.028, respectively). Besides, women with recent attempts had slightly better scores on executive function than males. Regarding the rest of the cognitive domains, there were no significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Executive function performance is altered in recent suicide attempts. As impaired executive function can be risk factor for suicide, preventive interventions on suicide should focus on its assessment and rehabilitation.
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影响因子：
6.9
作者：
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影响因子：
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6.9
作者：
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Hotopf, M.