Improving Predictions of the Urban Wind Environment Using Data
Improving Predictions of the Urban Wind Environment Using Data
复制标题
利用数据改进城市风环境的预测
DOI：
10.1080/24751448.2019.1640522
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gorlé, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorlé, Catherine
对城市风环境的分析对可持续城市区域的设计具有重要意义。城市树冠内的风型会影响居民的舒适性、安全性和健康，也会影响建筑能耗。例如，高层建筑周围局部气流的加速可能会给行人造成不适甚至危险的条件；不同建筑之间的干扰效应可能会产生复杂的风荷载现象，损害对极端风事件的适应能力；局部风场可能会影响利用自然风和浮力驱动的气流为建筑物通风或降温的能力，从而降低建筑能耗；以及风模式将影响污染物和热量的传输，可能会产生高浓度的局部热点。计算流体动力学(CFD)通过数值求解流体流动和换热的控制方程，可以预测整个城市树冠内的三维流动和温度场。从理论上讲，这可以为建筑和城市地区的设计提供宝贵的信息；在实践中，在设计过程中使用CFD存在几个挑战。一个重要的挑战是，包括模型设置、模拟执行和结果后处理在内的模拟过程可能是一项非常耗时的任务，需要熟练的CFD工程师。CFD软件包和高性能计算能力的显著进步正在日益缓解这一问题；目前的模拟周转时间正在赶上行业需求。因此，更根本的挑战成为了限制因素：城市几何结构的复杂性、大气条件的多变性以及湍流物理推动了CFD预测能力的发展，工程师们对模拟结果的准确性信心有限。为了有效地解决这些挑战并提供可用于定量指导设计的结果，我们需要新的概率建模策略来量化并减少预测中的不确定性。
Analysis of the urban wind environment can play an important role in the design of sustainable urban areas. The wind patterns in the urban canopy can affect citizen comfort, safety, and health, as well as building energy consumption. For example, local accelerations of wind flow around high-rise buildings can create uncomfortable or even dangerous conditions for pedestrians; interference effects between different buildings can generate complex wind loading phenomena that compromise resilience to extreme wind events; the local wind field can influence the capability to use air flow driven by natural wind and buoyancy to ventilate or cool buildings and reduce building energy consumption; and wind patterns will affect the transport of pollutants and heat, potentially generating local hot spots with high concentrations. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which numerically solves the governing equations for fluid flow and heat transfer, can provide predictions for the complete three-dimensional flow and temperature field in the urban canopy. In theory, this could provide invaluable information for the design of buildings and urban areas; in practice, there are several challenges when using CFD in the design process. An important challenge has been that the simulation process, which includes model setup, execution of the simulation, and post-processing of the results, can be a very time-consuming task that demands a skilled CFD engineer. Significant advances in CFD software packages and high-performance computing capabilities are increasingly alleviating this problem; current simulation turnaround times are catching up with industry demands. Consequently, more fundamental challenges become the limiting factors: the complexity of the urban geometry, the variability in the atmospheric conditions, and the turbulent flow physics push the state-of-the-art in terms of the predictive capabilities of CFD, and engineers have only limited confidence in the accuracy of the simulation results. To efficiently address these challenges and provide results that can be used to quantitatively inform design, we need novel probabilistic modeling strategies that can quantify and reduce the uncertainty in the predictions.
驱动城市冠层流动和分散的物理机制
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Klein;B. Leitl;M. Schatzmann
通讯作者：
M. Schatzmann
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Jorge Sousa;C. Gorlé
通讯作者：
Jorge Sousa;C. Gorlé
资料同化
DOI：
10.11499/sicejl.56.656
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
Journal of The Society of Instrument and Control Engineers
影响因子：
--
作者：
河本高文;二木厚吉;吉岡 信和;福元 豊，大塚 悟;上野 玄太
通讯作者：
上野 玄太