Release mechanisms of major DAMPs.
Release mechanisms of major DAMPs.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10495-021-01663-3
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发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murao A;Aziz M;Wang H;Brenner M;Wang P
损伤相关分子模式 (DAMP) 是引发炎症并与败血症和癌症疾病相关的内源性分子。因此，以 DAMP 为靶点的治疗有可能提供新颖且有效的治疗方法。在建立抗 DAMP 策略时，重要的是不仅要关注 DAMP 作为炎症介质，还要考虑它们从细胞和组织中释放的潜在机制。 DAMP 可以通过坏死/坏死性凋亡导致的膜破裂被动释放，尽管 DAMP 之间的释放机制似乎有所不同。其他类型的细胞死亡，例如细胞凋亡、焦亡、铁死亡和 NETosis，也可能导致 DAMP 释放。此外，一些DAMP可以通过分泌性溶酶体或外泌体、胞外体的胞吐作用以及细胞膜通道孔的激活从活细胞中主动输出。在这里，我们回顾了文献中报道的高迁移率族盒 1、ATP、细胞外冷诱导 RNA 结合蛋白、组蛋白、热休克蛋白、细胞外 RNA 和游离 DNA 的共享机制和 DAMP 特异性机制。
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules which foment inflammation and are associated with disorders in sepsis and cancer. Thus, therapeutically targeting DAMPs has potential to provide novel and effective treatments. When establishing anti-DAMP strategies, it is important not only to focus on the DAMPs as inflammatory mediators but also to take into account the underlying mechanisms of their release from cells and tissues. DAMPs can be released passively by membrane rupture due to necrosis/necroptosis, although the mechanisms of release appear to differ between the DAMPs. Other types of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and NETosis, can also contribute to DAMP release. In addition, some DAMPs can be exported actively from live cells by exocytosis of secretory lysosomes or exosomes, ectosomes, and activation of cell membrane channel pores. Here we review the shared and DAMP-specific mechanisms reported in the literature for high mobility group box 1, ATP, extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein, histones, heat shock proteins, extracellular RNAs and cell-free DNA.
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