Guide-bound structures of an RNA-targeting A-cleaving CRISPR-Cas13a enzyme.

Guide-bound structures of an RNA-targeting A-cleaving CRISPR-Cas13a enzyme.
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DOI:
10.1038/nsmb.3466
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发表时间:
2017-10
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Doudna JA
Doudna JA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Knott GJ;East-Seletsky A;Cofsky JC;Holton JM;Charles E;O'Connell MR;Doudna JA

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CRISPR适应性免疫系统通过部署CRISPR RNA(crRNA)引导的酶来识别和切割外源核酸,从而保护细菌免受感染。VI-A型CRISPR-Cas系统包括Cas 13 a酶,一种能够在靶转录物结合时进行crRNA加工和单链RNA降解的RNA活化的核糖核酸酶(RNA酶)。在这里,我们提出了一个crRNA结合的L.细菌Cas 13 a(LbaCas 13 a),代表最近发现的Cas 13 a酶亚型。这种结构和伴随的生物化学实验首次定义了直接负责crRNA成熟的Cas 13 a催化残基。此外,外源来源的靶RNA特异性序列在蛋白质内部的取向解释了Cas 13 a核酸酶激活的构象门控。这些结果描述了Cas 13 a酶如何产生功能性crRNA,以及在靶RNA识别之前催化活性如何被阻断,这对细菌免疫和诊断应用都有影响。
CRISPR adaptive immune systems protect bacteria from infections by deploying CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-guided enzymes to recognize and cut foreign nucleic acids. Type VI-A CRISPR-Cas systems include the Cas13a enzyme, an RNA-activated ribonuclease (RNase) capable of crRNA processing and single-stranded RNA degradation upon target transcript binding. Here we present the 2.0 Å resolution crystal structure of a crRNA-bound L. bacterium Cas13a (LbaCas13a), representing a recently discovered Cas13a enzyme subtype. This structure and accompanying biochemical experiments define for the first time the Cas13a catalytic residues that are directly responsible for crRNA maturation. In addition, the orientation of the foreign-derived target RNA-specifying sequence in the protein interior explains the conformational gating of Cas13a nuclease activation. These results describe how Cas13a enzymes generate functional crRNAs and how catalytic activity is blocked prior to target RNA recognition, with implications for both bacterial immunity and diagnostic applications.
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