Environmental exposures and gene regulation in disease etiology.
Environmental exposures and gene regulation in disease etiology.
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疾病病因中的环境暴露和基因调节。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9951
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发表时间：
2007-09
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Myers, John Peterson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, Thea M.;Myers, John Peterson
关键词：
所有人的健康或疾病都是由他们的基因和环境之间的相互作用决定的。环境如何改变基因表达，以及这如何导致疾病，正在以一种卓有成效的环境健康研究的新方法进行探索，本文对其代表性研究进行了综述。我们检索了Web of Science和相关出版物的参考文献，以了解环境暴露对疾病影响的基因调控机制的多样性。药品、农药、空气污染物、工业化学品、重金属、激素、营养和行为可以通过广泛的基因调控机制改变基因表达。其作用机制包括调控基因易位、组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化、DNA修复、转录、RNA稳定性、RNA选择性剪接、蛋白质降解、基因拷贝数和转座子激活。此外，化学诱导的基因调控变化与严重和复杂的人类疾病有关，包括癌症、糖尿病和肥胖症、不孕不育、呼吸系统疾病、过敏以及帕金森和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病。基因调控研究最深入的领域之一是表观遗传学，尤其是DNA甲基化。我们的环境导致DNA甲基化变化的例子是在早期开发的背景下提出的，当时甲基化模式最初被确定。这种方法突出了DNA甲基化改变在成人疾病的胎儿起源和获得性基因改变遗传中的潜在作用。回顾的研究表明，在环境暴露的背景下，疾病的遗传易感性是最好的预测。其次，这些研究中研究的遗传机制为风险评估研究提供了新的途径。最后，如果环境污染减少，我们可能会看到人类健康的显著改善，以及医疗成本的降低。
Health or disease is shaped for all individuals by interactions between their genes and environment. Exactly how the environment changes gene expression and how this can lead to disease are being explored in a fruitful new approach to environmental health research, representative studies of which are reviewed here. We searched Web of Science and references of relevant publications to understand the diversity of gene regulatory mechanisms affected by environmental exposures with disease implications. Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, air pollutants, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, hormones, nutrition, and behavior can change gene expression through a broad array of gene regulatory mechanisms. Mechanisms include regulation of gene translocation, histone modifications, DNA methylation, DNA repair, transcription, RNA stability, alternative RNA splicing, protein degradation, gene copy number, and transposon activation. Furthermore, chemically induced changes in gene regulation are associated with serious and complex human diseases, including cancer, diabetes and obesity, infertility, respiratory diseases, allergies, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. One of the best-studied areas of gene regulation is epigenetics, especially DNA methylation. Our examples of environmentally induced changes in DNA methylation are presented in the context of early development, when methylation patterns are initially laid down. This approach highlights the potential role for altered DNA methylation in fetal origins of adult disease and inheritance of acquired genetic change. The reviewed studies indicate that genetic predisposition for disease is best predicted in the context of environmental exposures. Second, the genetic mechanisms investigated in these studies offer new avenues for risk assessment research. Finally, we are likely to witness dramatic improvements in human health, and reductions in medical costs, if environmental pollution is decreased.
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疾病病因中的环境暴露和基因调节。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Edwards, Thea M.;Myers, John Peterson
通讯作者：
Myers, John Peterson
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Baccarelli, Andrea;Hirt, Carsten;Landi, Maria Teresa
通讯作者：
Landi, Maria Teresa
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Day, JK;Bauer, AM;Lubahn, DB
通讯作者：
Lubahn, DB
DOI：
10.1152/ajplung.2000.278.1.l25
发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Boland, S;Bonvallot, V;Marano, F
通讯作者：
Marano, F
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Bestor, TH
通讯作者：
Bestor, TH