Onsets and codas in 1.5-year-olds' word recognition.

Onsets and codas in 1.5-year-olds' word recognition.
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1.5 岁儿童单词识别的起始点和尾声。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jml.2008.11.003
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Swingley,Daniel
Swingley,Daniel
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Swingley,Daniel

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之前使用单词识别任务对幼儿熟悉单词的语音知识进行的测试只检查了音节首字母,而不是词尾辅音(CODA)。然而,有充分的理由认为,儿童对尾辅音的知识可能不如他们对声母的知识完整。为了验证这一假设,本研究考察了14-22个月大的儿童对熟悉单词的语音形式的知识,方法是使用视觉注视任务来测量他们对这些单词的正确发音和错误发音的理解。发音错误取代了声母或尾辅音。成年人在同样的任务中接受了测试,以便与儿童进行比较。儿童和成年人更多地是因为听到正确的发音而不是听到错误的发音而盯着指定的目标,无论这些错误的发音是否涉及单词的首辅音或末尾辅音。此外,对成人和儿童眼球运动时间的详细分析为语音信号的增量解释提供了明确的证据。儿童的反应总体上较慢,也不太准确,但儿童和成人在音位替换的位置上表现出几乎相同的时间效应。结果表明,辅音的准确编码甚至在孩子们还不会说的单词中也是如此。
Previous tests of toddlers’ phonological knowledge of familiar words using word recognition tasks have examined syllable onsets but not word-final consonants (codas). However, there are good reasons to suppose that children’s knowledge of coda consonants might be less complete than their knowledge of onset consonants. To test this hypothesis, the present study examined 14–22-month-old children’s knowledge of the phonological forms of familiar words by measuring their comprehension of correctly pronounced and mispronounced instances of those words using a visual fixation task. Mispronunciations substituted onset or coda consonants. Adults were tested in the same task for comparison with children. Children and adults fixated named targets more upon hearing correct pronunciations than upon hearing mispronunciations, whether those mispronunciations involved the word’s initial or final consonant. In addition, detailed analysis of the timing of adults’ and children’s eye movements provided clear evidence for incremental interpretation of the speech signal. Children’s responses were slower and less accurate overall, but children and adults showed nearly identical temporal effects of the placement of phonological substitutions. The results demonstrate accurate encoding of consonants even in words children cannot yet say.
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影响因子: 4.6
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发表时间: 2006
影响因子: 2.6
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