Monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease: synopsis of the evidence available from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
Monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease: synopsis of the evidence available from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu4121989
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发表时间：
2012-12-11
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Hoffmann G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwingshackl L;Hoffmann G
美国国家医学研究所、美国农业部、欧洲食品和安全局以及美国糖尿病协会都没有给出单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）的饮食建议。相比之下，营养与饮食学会和加拿大饮食协会都提倡每日总能量消耗的MUFA <25%，而美国心脏协会在各自的指南中设定了MUFA 20%的限制。本综述总结了随机对照试验和队列研究的系统综述和荟萃分析，这些研究调查了MUFA对心血管和糖尿病危险因素、心血管事件和心血管死亡的影响。电子数据库Medline使用“单不饱和脂肪酸”、“单不饱和脂肪”和“膳食脂肪”作为搜索词搜索系统综述和荟萃分析，不受日历日期和语言的限制。同时检索了参考文献列表和临床指南。确定了16篇相关论文。几项研究表明，在富含mufa的饮食后，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加，甘油三酯相应减少。对总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响似乎不一致，但没有观察到对血脂的有害影响。发现在短期和长期方案中，与低MUFA饮食相比，使用大量MUFA的收缩压和舒张压值都降低了。在2型糖尿病患者中，MUFA长期发挥降糖作用并降低糖化血红蛋白。从长期前瞻性队列研究中探索证据的荟萃分析数据提供了关于MUFA对冠心病（CHD）风险影响的模糊结果。一项荟萃分析报告了冠心病事件的增加，然而，大多数荟萃分析观察到接受高mufa方案的参与者的病例数较少。虽然在文献中没有报道富含MUFA的饮食的有害副作用，但在治疗方案中推荐MUFA仍然没有一致的理由。需要额外的长期干预研究来确定推荐富含mufa饮食在普通人群和临床人群中的功效和有效性。
No dietary recommendations for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are given by the National Institute of Medicine, the United States Department of Agriculture, European Food and Safety Authority and the American Diabetes Association. In contrast, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and the Canadian Dietetic Association both promote <25% MUFA of daily total energy consumption, while the American Heart Association sets a limit of 20% MUFA in their respective guidelines. The present review summarizes systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies investigating the effects of MUFA on cardiovascular and diabetic risk factors, cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. Electronic database Medline was searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses using “monounsaturated fatty acids”, “monounsaturated fat”, and “dietary fat” as search terms with no restriction to calendar date or language. Reference lists and clinical guidelines were searched as well. Sixteen relevant papers were identified. Several studies indicated an increase of HDL-cholesterol and a corresponding decrease in triacylglycerols following a MUFA-rich diet. The effects on total and LDL-cholesterol appeared not consistent, but no detrimental effects on blood lipids were observed. Values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be reduced both during short- and long-term protocols using high amounts of MUFA as compared to low-MUFA diets. In type 2 diabetic subjects, MUFA exerted a hypoglycemic effect and reduced glycosylated hemoglobin in the long term. Data from meta-analyses exploring evidence from long-term prospective cohort studies provide ambiguous results with respect to the effects of MUFA on risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). One meta-analysis reported an increase in CHD events, however, most meta-analyses observed a lesser number of cases in participants subjected to a high-MUFA protocol. Although no detrimental side effects of MUFA-rich diets were reported in the literature, there still is no unanimous rationale for MUFA recommendations in a therapeutic regimen. Additional long-term intervention studies are required to characterized efficacy and effectiveness of recommending MUFA-rich diet among general and clinical populations.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Erqou, Sebhat;Kaptoge, Stephen;Perry, Philip L.;Di Angelantonio, Emanuele;Thompson, Alexander;White, Ian R.;Marcovina, Santica M.;Collins, Rory;Thompson, Simon G.;Danesh, John
通讯作者：
Danesh, John
影响因子：
--
作者：
Clarke, R;Frost, C;Peto, R
通讯作者：
Peto, R
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Cooney, M. T.;Dudina, A.;Graham, I. M.
通讯作者：
Graham, I. M.
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
HEGSTED, DM;AUSMAN, LM;DALLAL, GE
通讯作者：
DALLAL, GE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bayturan, Ozgur;Tuzcu, E. Murat;Nicholls, Stephen J.
通讯作者：
Nicholls, Stephen J.