Relating Suprathreshold Auditory Processing Abilities to Speech Understanding in Competition.
Relating Suprathreshold Auditory Processing Abilities to Speech Understanding in Competition.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci12060695
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发表时间：
2022-05-27
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
(1)背景：噪音中的听力困难在老年人中加剧。老年人更有可能患有听力损失，尽管一些纯音听力正常的人也难以在噪音中感知言语。其他变量也可能解释噪声中的语音理解。有人认为，一个重要的变量是处理听觉信息的能力，一旦它已被检测到。在这里，我们测试了一组这些“阈上”的听觉处理能力，并将它们与两部分测试的语音理解的竞争和没有空间分离的目标和掩蔽语音的性能。测试管理的便携式自动化快速测试（部分）的应用程序开发的我们的团队;部分促进听觉处理的心理声学评估。(2)研究方法：41名个体（平均年龄51岁）通过运行PART应用程序的iPad完成了对时间精细结构（TFS）和光谱时间调制（STM）检测的敏感性评估。统计模型被用来评估的强度之间的关联性能的听觉处理任务和言语理解的竞争。年龄和纯音平均值（PTA）也被列为潜在的预测因素。(3)结果如下：提供最佳拟合的模型还包括年龄和diotic频率调制（FM）检测的测量，但没有其他潜在的预测因素。然而，即使是最好的拟合模型也只占方差的31%或更少，这支持了其他变量（例如，认知处理能力）也显著地有助于噪声中的语音理解。(4)结论：目前的研究结果并没有提供强有力的支持，以前的建议，阈上处理能力单独可以用来解释困难的言语理解中的竞争中老年人。这种差异可能是由于使用的语音测试，测试的听众，或阈上测试选择。未来的工作与更多的参与者是必要的，包括一系列的认知测试和额外的评估阈上听觉处理能力。
(1) Background: Difficulty hearing in noise is exacerbated in older adults. Older adults are more likely to have audiometric hearing loss, although some individuals with normal pure-tone audiograms also have difficulty perceiving speech in noise. Additional variables also likely account for speech understanding in noise. It has been suggested that one important class of variables is the ability to process auditory information once it has been detected. Here, we tested a set of these “suprathreshold” auditory processing abilities and related them to performance on a two-part test of speech understanding in competition with and without spatial separation of the target and masking speech. Testing was administered in the Portable Automated Rapid Testing (PART) application developed by our team; PART facilitates psychoacoustic assessments of auditory processing. (2) Methods: Forty-one individuals (average age 51 years), completed assessments of sensitivity to temporal fine structure (TFS) and spectrotemporal modulation (STM) detection via an iPad running the PART application. Statistical models were used to evaluate the strength of associations between performance on the auditory processing tasks and speech understanding in competition. Age and pure-tone-average (PTA) were also included as potential predictors. (3) Results: The model providing the best fit also included age and a measure of diotic frequency modulation (FM) detection but none of the other potential predictors. However, even the best fitting models accounted for 31% or less of the variance, supporting work suggesting that other variables (e.g., cognitive processing abilities) also contribute significantly to speech understanding in noise. (4) Conclusions: The results of the current study do not provide strong support for previous suggestions that suprathreshold processing abilities alone can be used to explain difficulties in speech understanding in competition among older adults. This discrepancy could be due to the speech tests used, the listeners tested, or the suprathreshold tests chosen. Future work with larger numbers of participants is warranted, including a range of cognitive tests and additional assessments of suprathreshold auditory processing abilities.
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