TRAF6 and IRF7 control HIV replication in macrophages.

TRAF6 and IRF7 control HIV replication in macrophages.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0028125
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Corbeil J
Corbeil J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sirois M;Robitaille L;Allary R;Shah M;Woelk CH;Estaquier J;Corbeil J

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先天免疫系统识别病毒感染并引起抗病毒反应,包括产生I型干扰素(IFN)。IFN的诱导通过上调限制病毒复制的干扰素刺激基因(ISG)提供了抗病毒防御的关键机制。ISG通过在病毒周期的不同阶段起作用来抑制许多病毒的复制。具体地,在体外人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染之前的IFN治疗停止或显著延迟HIV-1的产生,表明产生了有效的抑制因子。我们报告说,HIV-1感染的原代人巨噬细胞减少肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF 6)和病毒诱导的信号转导接头(VISA)的表达,这两个组件的IFN信号通路控制病毒复制。敲低巨噬细胞中TRAF 6的表达增加了HIV-1的复制,并增加了IRF 7的表达,但没有增加IRF 3的表达。抑制VISA对病毒复制没有影响。IRF 7的过表达导致增强的病毒复制,而敲低巨噬细胞中的IRF 7表达显著降低病毒输出。这些发现首次证明TRAF 6可以调节HIV-1的产生,而且IRF 7的表达促进HIV-1的复制。
The innate immune system recognizes virus infection and evokes antiviral responses which include producing type I interferons (IFNs). The induction of IFN provides a crucial mechanism of antiviral defense by upregulating interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that restrict viral replication. ISGs inhibit the replication of many viruses by acting at different steps of their viral cycle. Specifically, IFN treatment prior to in vitro human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection stops or significantly delays HIV-1 production indicating that potent inhibitory factors are generated. We report that HIV-1 infection of primary human macrophages decreases tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and virus-induced signaling adaptor (VISA) expression, which are both components of the IFN signaling pathway controlling viral replication. Knocking down the expression of TRAF6 in macrophages increased HIV-1 replication and augmented the expression of IRF7 but not IRF3. Suppressing VISA had no impact on viral replication. Overexpression of IRF7 resulted in enhanced viral replication while knocking down IRF7 expression in macrophages significantly reduced viral output. These findings are the first demonstration that TRAF6 can regulate HIV-1 production and furthermore that expression of IRF7 promotes HIV-1 replication.
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