Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on women's alcohol use, mental health, and experiences of intimate partner violence in Wakiso, Uganda.
Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on women's alcohol use, mental health, and experiences of intimate partner violence in Wakiso, Uganda.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0263827
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wagman JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller AP;Mugamba S;Bulamba RM;Kyasanku E;Nkale J;Nalugoda F;Nakigozi G;Kigozi G;Nalwoga GK;Kagaayi J;Watya S;Wagman JA
乌干达在2020年3月确认了首例新冠肺炎病例，导致全国范围内关闭和在家服务。传染病大流行可能会压倒适应能力(例如一般自我效能和复原力)，并增加精神痛苦的风险。对于经历亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)并与犯罪者同居的个人来说，留在家里的命令也会增加暴力的风险，这可能会进一步加剧精神痛苦。本研究探讨了在乌干达2020年国家封锁的背景下，女性的自我效能感和弹性应对、心理健康结果(抑郁症和新冠肺炎相关焦虑)、危险酒精使用和IPV。一项基于电话的调查于2020年6月至8月在乌干达瓦基索地区进行。研究样本包括非洲医学和行为科学组织(AMBSO)人口健康监测(APHs)研究参与者，他们同意就未来的研究进行联系。分析样本仅限于13-80岁的女性。双变量分析和多变量模型探索了IPV经历与适应性应对措施、心理健康和饮酒之间的关系。共有556名年龄在13-79岁(平均年龄为33.4岁)的女性参加。超过一半(55%)的人目前已经结婚。大多数人(60%)报告说，在封锁期间酒精使用减少了。近一半的样本经历了身体或言语上的IPV，并报告说在封锁期间暴力事件有所增加。在调整后的分析中，饮酒与最近身体上的IPV的几率增加了四倍(AOR4.06，95%CI=1.6510.02，p=0.0024)，而参与者经历任何形式的IPV的几率随着一般自我效能感的增加而降低(AOR0.9595%CI=0.910.99，p=0.0308)。乌干达的封锁措施可能缓解了酒精消费的增加。IPV在封锁期间加剧；超过五分之二的IPV受害者经历了更多的身体或言语暴力。需要制定方案和政策，以减轻妇女在未来封锁期间感染IPV的风险。
Uganda confirmed its first COVID-19 case in March 2020, leading to country-wide closures and a stay-at-home order. Infectious disease pandemics can overwhelm adaptive coping capacity (e.g., general self-efficacy and resilience) and increase the risk for mental distress. For individuals experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and cohabitating with a perpetrator, stay-at-home orders can also increase risk of violence, which can further exacerbate mental distress. The present study explores women’s perceived self-efficacy and resilient coping, mental health outcomes (depression and COVID-19 related anxiety), hazardous alcohol use and IPV in the context of Uganda’s national 2020 lockdown. A phone-based survey was undertaken from June-August of 2020 in Wakiso District, Uganda. The study sample consisted of Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization (AMBSO) Population Health Surveillance (APHS) study participants who agreed to be contacted for future research. The analytic sample was restricted to women aged 13–80 years. Bivariate analysis and multivariable models explored associations between experiences of IPV and measures of adaptive coping, mental health and alcohol use. A total of 556 women aged 13–79 years (mean age of 33.4 years) participated. Over half (55%) were currently married. The majority (60%) reported a decrease in alcohol use during the lockdown. Nearly half of the sample were experiencing physical or verbal IPV and reported an increase in violence during the lockdown. In adjusted analysis, alcohol use was associated with four times greater odds of recent physical IPV (aOR 4.06, 95% CI = 1.65–10.02, p = 0.0024), while participants had lower odds of experiencing any form of IPV as general self-efficacy increased (aOR 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91–0.99, p = 0.0308). Lockdown measures in Uganda may have mitigated increased alcohol consumption. IPV was exacerbated during lockdown; more than 2 in 5 IPV victims experienced increased physical or verbal violence. Development of programming and policies aimed at mitigating women’s risk of IPV during future lockdowns are needed.
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