Memory for Navigable Space is Flexible and Not Restricted to Exclusive Local or Global Memory Units

Memory for Navigable Space is Flexible and Not Restricted to Exclusive Local or Global Memory Units
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可导航空间的内存非常灵活,不限于专有的本地或全局内存单元

DOI:
10.1037/xlm0000624
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
T. Meilinger
T. Meilinger
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marianne Strickrodt;H. Bülthoff;T. Meilinger

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在单个封闭空间(例如房间)内学习的对象可以在单个参考框架内表示。相反,可通航空间(多个互连的封闭空间)的表示却不太容易理解。在这项研究中,当学习可导航空间中的对象位置时,我们检查了记忆中不同级别的整合(本地、区域、全局)。参与者连续学习虚拟环境的两个独特区域,最终汇聚在一个共同的过渡点,并随后解决了指向任务。在实验 1 中,随着到目标的走廊距离的增加以及指向其他区域时,指向延迟也会增加。此外,当在区域内指向与局部和区域参考系对齐时,当跨区域边界指向时与全局参考系对齐被发现可以加速指向。因此,参与者记住了当地的走廊,将走廊聚集成区域,并在整个环境中进行全球整合。在实验 2 中学习每个区域开始时引入过渡点会导致先前的区域效应消失。我们的研究结果强调了局部有限空间对于构建空间记忆的重要性,并表明在学习过程中早期将小说融入现有空间信息的机会可能会影响区域层面的单元形成。此外,似乎只有在访问区域边界之外的空间信息时才会参考全球表征。我们的结果与仅基于局部参考系或基于包含整个环境的单个参考系的大规模环境的空间记忆概念不一致,而是支持空间的分层表示。
Objects learned within single enclosed spaces (e.g., rooms) can be represented within a single reference frame. Contrarily, the representation of navigable spaces (multiple interconnected enclosed spaces) is less well understood. In this study we examined different levels of integration within memory (local, regional, global), when learning object locations in navigable space. Participants consecutively learned two distinctive regions of a virtual environment that eventually converged at a common transition point and subsequently solved a pointing task. In Experiment 1 pointing latency increased with increasing corridor distance to the target and additionally when pointing into the other region. Further, when pointing within a region alignment with local and regional reference frames, when pointing across regional boundaries alignment with a global reference frame was found to accelerate pointing. Thus, participants memorized local corridors, clustered corridors into regions, and integrated globally across the entire environment. Introducing the transition point at the beginning of learning each region in Experiment 2 caused previous region effects to vanish. Our findings emphasize the importance of locally confined spaces for structuring spatial memory and suggest that the opportunity to integrate novel into existing spatial information early during learning may influence unit formation on the regional level. Further, global representations seem to be consulted only when accessing spatial information beyond regional borders. Our results are inconsistent with conceptions of spatial memory for large scale environments based either exclusively on local reference frames or upon a single reference frame encompassing the whole environment, but rather support hierarchical representation of space.
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