Neurokinin NK1 and NK3 receptors as targets for drugs to treat gastrointestinal motility disorders and pain

Neurokinin NK1 and NK3 receptors as targets for drugs to treat gastrointestinal motility disorders and pain
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神经激肽 NK1 和 NK3 受体作为治疗胃肠道运动障碍和疼痛药物的靶点

DOI:
10.1038/sj.bjp.0705742
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发表时间:
2004
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
G. Sanger
G. Sanger
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Sanger

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NK1和NK3受体似乎在正常的胃肠道功能中不起重要作用,但两者都可能参与防御或病理过程。NK1受体拮抗剂是止呕药,通过迷走神经感觉和运动系统起作用,因此有必要研究它们对其他被认为在功能性肠病中起作用的胃-迷走神经功能的影响。NK1受体与肠道非肾上腺素能、非胆碱能运动神经元之间的相互作用表明有必要探索该受体在结肠运动紊乱中的作用。NK1受体拮抗剂在人类中不具有一致的镇痛活性,但类似的研究尚未针对胃肠道源性疼痛进行,其中NK1受体可能对粘膜炎症或“刺激性”过程有额外的影响。NK3受体介导肠道运动的某些中断。这种活性可能是由内在初级传入神经元(IPANs)释放的速激肽驱动的,它诱导连接IPANs的EPSP活性缓慢,因此在肠神经系统内产生一定程度的超敏反应。同样的方法也可以间接或直接地提高C -纤维的灵敏度。因此,NK3受体拮抗剂通过可能是肠道特异性的“外周”机制抑制肠道伤害感受。因此,对talnetant和其他选择性NK3受体拮抗剂的研究揭示了一种令人兴奋的新途径,通过该途径可以诱导肠道运动和伤害感受的病理变化,提示NK3受体拮抗剂在肠易激综合征中的作用。
NK1 and NK3 receptors do not appear to play significant roles in normal GI functions, but both may be involved in defensive or pathological processes. NK1 receptor antagonists are antiemetic, operating via vagal sensory and motor systems, so there is a need to study their effects on other gastro‐vagal functions thought to play roles in functional bowel disorder's. Interactions between NK1 receptors and enteric nonadrenergic, noncholinergic motorneurones suggest a need to explore the role of this receptor in disrupted colonic motility. NK1 receptor antagonism does not exert consistent analgesic activity in humans, but similar studies have not been carried out against pain of GI origin, where NK1 receptors may have additional influences on mucosal inflammatory or ‘irritant’ processes. NK3 receptors mediate certain disruptions of intestinal motility. The activity may be driven by tachykinins released from intrinsic primary afferent neurones (IPANs), which induce slow EPSP activity in connecting IPANs and hence, a degree of hypersensitivity within the enteric nervous system. The same process is also proposed to increase C‐fibre sensitivity, either indirectly or directly. Thus, NK3 receptor antagonists inhibit intestinal nociception via a ‘peripheral’ mechanism that may be intestine‐specific. Studies with talnetant and other selective NK3 receptor antagonists are, therefore, revealing an exciting and novel pathway by which pathological changes in intestinal motility and nociception can be induced, suggesting a role for NK3 receptor antagonism in irritable bowel syndrome.
神经激肽受体拮抗剂的组合可减少内脏痛觉过敏。
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DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1993.264.4.g678
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DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.055
发表时间: 2004-03-01
期刊: GASTROENTEROLOGY
影响因子: 29.4
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通讯作者: Corinalidesi, R