Heteromeric p97/p97R155C complexes induce dominant negative changes in wild-type and autophagy 9-deficient Dictyostelium strains.

Heteromeric p97/p97R155C complexes induce dominant negative changes in wild-type and autophagy 9-deficient Dictyostelium strains.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0046879
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Eichinger L
Eichinger L
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arhzaouy K;Strucksberg KH;Tung SM;Tangavelou K;Stumpf M;Faix J;Schröder R;Clemen CS;Eichinger L

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人VCP(p97)基因中的杂合突变导致常染色体显性IBMPFD(具有早发性骨佩吉特病和额颞叶痴呆的包涵体肌病)、ALS 14(具有或不具有额颞叶痴呆的肌萎缩性侧索硬化)和HSP(遗传性痉挛性截瘫)。最常见的是R155 C点突变。我们研究了p97在社会性阿米巴Dictyosteelium discoideum中的功能,并产生了异位表达野生型(p97)或突变型p97(p97 R155 C)的菌株,这些菌株在AX 2野生型和自噬9敲除(ATG 9 KO)细胞中与RFP融合。天然凝胶电泳显示p97和p97 R155 C组装成六聚体。免疫共沉淀研究显示内源性p97和p97 R155 C-RFP形成异聚体。突变株显示细胞生长、趋光性、发育、蛋白酶体活性、泛素化蛋白和ATG 8(LC 3)的变化,表明多个基本细胞过程的误调节。此外,免疫荧光分析揭示了ATG 9 KO/p97 R155 C-RFP和ATG 9 KO细胞中蛋白质聚集体的增加。它们在两种菌株中均为泛素阳性,然而,仅在ATG 9 KO突变体中对p97具有免疫反应性。一个主要的发现是p97 R155 C-RFP在ATG 9 KO菌株中的表达部分或完全挽救了多效性表型。我们还观察到p97对几种细胞过程的剂量依赖性作用。基于单突变体与双突变体的研究结果,我们提出了一种新的p97与核心自噬蛋白ATG 9相互作用的模式,该模式基于相互抑制。
Heterozygous mutations in the human VCP (p97) gene cause autosomal-dominant IBMPFD (inclusion body myopathy with early onset Paget’s disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia), ALS14 (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with or without frontotemporal dementia) and HSP (hereditary spastic paraplegia). Most prevalent is the R155C point mutation. We studied the function of p97 in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and have generated strains that ectopically express wild-type (p97) or mutant p97 (p97R155C) fused to RFP in AX2 wild-type and autophagy 9 knock-out (ATG9KO) cells. Native gel electrophoresis showed that both p97 and p97R155C assemble into hexamers. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that endogenous p97 and p97R155C-RFP form heteromers. The mutant strains displayed changes in cell growth, phototaxis, development, proteasomal activity, ubiquitinylated proteins, and ATG8(LC3) indicating mis-regulation of multiple essential cellular processes. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis revealed an increase of protein aggregates in ATG9KO/p97R155C-RFP and ATG9KO cells. They were positive for ubiquitin in both strains, however, solely immunoreactive for p97 in the ATG9KO mutant. A major finding is that the expression of p97R155C-RFP in the ATG9KO strain partially or fully rescued the pleiotropic phenotype. We also observed dose-dependent effects of p97 on several cellular processes. Based on findings in the single versus the double mutants we propose a novel mode of p97 interaction with the core autophagy protein ATG9 which is based on mutual inhibition.
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DOI: 10.1083/jcb.114.3.443
发表时间: 1991-08
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