Common direct current (DC) bus integration of DC fast chargers, grid‐scale energy storage, and solar photovoltaic: New York City case study

Common direct current (DC) bus integration of DC fast chargers, grid‐scale energy storage, and solar photovoltaic: New York City case study
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直流快速充电器、电网规模储能和太阳能光伏的通用直流 (DC) 总线集成:纽约市案例研究

DOI:
10.1049/stg2.12154
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发表时间:
2024
期刊:
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Odie, Simon
Odie, Simon
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kamaludeen, Mohamed K.;Zafar, Kirn;Esa, Yusef;Mohamed, Ahmed Ali A.;Nyemah, Elihu;Salmeron, Lizzette;Odie, Simon

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大规模部署分布式能源(DER)以实现清洁能源目标已成为美国几个州的主要目标。然而,在人口密集的城市地区(如纽约市)实现这些目标的可行性和现实性,受到与可用土地空间和交流/直流(DC)数量相关的几个“技术经济”障碍的挑战需要多个电厂电气平衡(BOP)设备以将这些资源配对/互连到电网的转换级。互连的基本问题通过评估在一种配置中使用公共DC总线(以配对并网储能,光伏和电动汽车充电器(EVC)系统)并减少部署所需的BOP设备数量来解决。在涉及配电级直流互连的类似工作的基础上,本文还将讨论将第三方和公用事业DER互连到基于直流的公共耦合点的复杂性。它将检查必要的现场控制器配置(控制架构)和要求,以在管理公用事业和第三方EVC需求之间协调储能系统的使用,同时优先考虑调度。结果表明,直流耦合系统在技术上是可行的,并建议分层控制架构,以保持在各种用例提出的稳定性。这将为该系统的实验室演示提供信息,该系统旨在测试DER的直流集成,并推荐微电网(MG)控制器和减少BOP设备。这些经验将应用于Con Edison Cedar Street变电站的实际电网规模系统部署。该系统如果被证明是成功的,有可能改变社区分布式发电和MG与公用事业系统互连的方式。
The mass deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) to achieve clean energy objectives has become a major goal across several states in the U.S. However, the viability and reality of achieving these goals in dense urban areas, such as New York City, are challenged by several ‘Techno‐Economic’ barriers associated with available land space and the number of AC/direct current (DC) conversion stages that requires multiple electrical balance of plant (BOP) equipment for pairing/interconnecting these resources to the grid. The fundamental issue of interconnection is addressed by assessing the use of a common DC bus in a one‐of‐a‐kind configuration (to pair grid‐connected energy storage, photovoltaic, and electric vehicle chargers (EVC) systems) and reduce the number of BOP equipment needed for deployment. Building on similar work that has touched on distribution‐level DC interconnection, this paper will also address the intricacies of interconnecting third‐party and Utility DERs to a DC‐based point of common coupling. It will examine the requisite site controller configuration (control architecture) and requirements to coordinate the energy storage system's use between managing Utility and Third‐Party EVC demand while prioritising dispatch. The result shows that the DC‐coupled system is technologically feasible and hierarchical control architecture is recommended to maintain stability during various use cases proposed. This will inform a lab demonstration of this system that aims to test DC integration of the DERs with recommendations for the microgrid (MG) controllers and reduction in the BOP equipment. These learnings will then be applied to practical grid‐scale deployment of the systems at Con Edison's Cedar Street Substation. This system, if proven successful, has the potential to change the way community distributed generation and MGs are interconnected to the Utility System.
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