Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, Potyvirus): vertical transmission, seed infection and cryptic infections.
Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, Potyvirus): vertical transmission, seed infection and cryptic infections.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.virusres.2013.06.016
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发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Stephenson AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simmons HE;Dunham JP;Zinn KE;Munkvold GP;Holmes EC;Stephenson AG
种子传播在病毒作物病原体的进化和流行病学中所起的作用仍不清楚。我们确定了西葫芦黄花叶病毒（ZYMV）的种子感染和垂直传播率，除了进行Illumina测序的9个垂直传播的ZYMV种群。我们先前确定了种子到幼苗的传播率ZYMV在西葫芦ssp。texana（一种野生葫芦）为1.6%，并且在此观察到在随后的世代中相似的比率（1.8%）。我们还观察到，种子感染率（21.9%）大大高于种子到幼苗的传播率，这表明一个主要的人口瓶颈发生在种子萌发和幼苗生长。相比之下，水平传播的接种群体中存在的三分之二的变体也存在于垂直传播的群体中，这意味着垂直传播的瓶颈可能不是特别严重。引人注目的是，与水平感染的植物相比，所有垂直感染的植物都没有症状，这表明垂直感染可能是神秘的。尽管在垂直感染的样本中没有观察到已知的毒力决定突变，但5'非翻译区高度可变，与水平传播群体中观察到的两种主要单倍型相比，该区域至少有26种不同的主要单倍型。垂直感染的人群中保留了病媒传播所需的区域，加上垂直感染的隐蔽性，表明种子传播可能是ZYMV传播的重要因素。
The role played by seed transmission in the evolution and epidemiology of viral crop pathogens remains unclear. We determined the seed infection and vertical transmission rates of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), in addition to undertaking Illumina sequencing of nine vertically transmitted ZYMV populations. We previously determined the seed-to-seedling transmission rate of ZYMV in Cucurbita pepo ssp. texana (a wild gourd) to be 1.6%, and herein observed a similar rate (1.8%) in the subsequent generation. We also observed that the seed infection rate is substantially higher (21.9%) than the seed-to-seedling transmission rate, suggesting that a major population bottleneck occurs during seed germination and seedling growth. In contrast, that two thirds of the variants present in the horizontally transmitted inoculant population were also present in the vertically transmitted populations implies that the bottleneck at vertical transmission may not be particularly severe. Strikingly, all of the vertically infected plants were symptomless in contrast to those infected horizontally, suggesting that vertical infection may be cryptic. Although no known virulence determining mutations were observed in the vertically infected samples, the 5’ untranslated region was highly variable, with at least 26 different major haplotypes in this region compared to the two major haplotypes observed in the horizontally transmitted population. That the regions necessary for vector transmission are retained in the vertically infected populations, combined with the cryptic nature of vertical infection, suggests that seed transmission may be a significant contributor to the spread of ZYMV.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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