Dynamics of the multiplicity of cellular infection in a plant virus.
Dynamics of the multiplicity of cellular infection in a plant virus.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1001113
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发表时间：
2010-09-16
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Blanc S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gutiérrez S;Yvon M;Thébaud G;Monsion B;Michalakis Y;Blanc S
互补、互补和竞争深刻地影响着病毒的进化和流行病学。由于病毒是细胞内寄生物，因此确定这种相互作用的可能性的基本参数是细胞感染的多重性（细胞MOI），即有效感染细胞的病毒基因组单位的数量。细胞的MOI值，占主导地位的宿主生物很少被调查，他们是否保持不变或广泛的变化，在主机入侵是完全未知的。在这里，我们填补了这一实验空白，提出了第一个详细的分析过程中的细胞MOI的宿主植物的病毒定植的动态。我们的研究结果揭示了在感染过程中不同叶水平之间的大量变化，在最后的感染阶段降低到初始水平之前，值从接近2开始增加到13。通过揭示广泛的动态变化，在整个单一的感染，我们在这里说明存在的复杂的情况下，重组的机会，互补和病毒基因组之间的竞争变化很大，在不同的感染阶段，并在不同的位置在一个多细胞宿主。病毒是快速进化的生物体，其适应性和毒力的变化是由基因组之间的相互作用驱动的，例如重组、功能互补和竞争。病毒是细胞内寄生物，一个基本参数决定了这种相互作用的可能性：细胞感染复数（细胞MOI），定义为实际穿透宿主单个细胞并共同复制的基因组单位的数量。尽管它对病毒进化很重要，但这种特性几乎没有被研究过。例如，对于真核生物感染病毒只有三个点估计，而细胞MOI在感染期间或在给定宿主个体的器官之间可能变化的可能性从未得到最终解决。通过监测花椰菜花叶病毒感染植物的细胞MOI，我们发现在连续叶片水平的感染过程的发展过程中存在显着丰富的变化。我们的研究结果表明，重组的机会，互补和病毒基因组之间的竞争可以大大改变在不同的感染阶段，并在不同的位置在多细胞宿主。
Recombination, complementation and competition profoundly influence virus evolution and epidemiology. Since viruses are intracellular parasites, the basic parameter determining the potential for such interactions is the multiplicity of cellular infection (cellular MOI), i.e. the number of viral genome units that effectively infect a cell. The cellular MOI values that prevail in host organisms have rarely been investigated, and whether they remain constant or change widely during host invasion is totally unknown. Here, we fill this experimental gap by presenting the first detailed analysis of the dynamics of the cellular MOI during colonization of a host plant by a virus. Our results reveal ample variations between different leaf levels during the course of infection, with values starting close to 2 and increasing up to 13 before decreasing to initial levels in the latest infection stages. By revealing wide dynamic changes throughout a single infection, we here illustrate the existence of complex scenarios where the opportunity for recombination, complementation and competition among viral genomes changes greatly at different infection phases and at different locations within a multi-cellular host. Viruses are fast evolving organisms for which changes in fitness and virulence are driven by interactions between genomes such as recombination, functional complementation, and competition. Viruses being intra-cellular parasites, one basic parameter determines the potential for such interactions: the cellular multiplicity of infection (cellular MOI), defined as the number of genome units actually penetrating and co-replicating within individual cells of the host. Despite its importance for virus evolution, this trait has scarcely been investigated. For example, there are only three point estimates for eukaryote-infecting viruses while the possibility that the cellular MOI may vary during the infection or across organs of a given host individual has never been conclusively addressed. By monitoring the cellular MOI in plants infected by the Cauliflower mosaic virus we found remarkably ample variations during the development of the infection process in successive leaf levels. Our results reveal that the opportunities for recombination, complementation and competition among viral genomes can greatly change at different infection phases and at different locations within a multi-cellular host.
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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