Cognitive control in Russian-german bilinguals.
Cognitive control in Russian-german bilinguals.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00115
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Münte TF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Festman J;Münte TF
双语使用者面临着保持他们的语言分开的问题，但这样做的成功在个体之间存在差异。认知控制能力可能是解释这种个体间差异的一个重要因素。在这里，我们比较了两个晚，平衡和高度熟练的双语组（平均年龄24岁，L1俄罗斯，L2德国），这是根据他们的语言控制能力的双语图片命名任务。一组难以保持在指示的目标语言，无意中切换到非目标语言（“切换者”），而另一组很少无意中切换（“非切换者”）。这种群体特有的行为不能用语言背景、社会文化或人口统计学变量来解释。相反，非转换者在四项认知控制测试（河内塔、拉夫图形流畅性测试、分散注意力、Go/Nogo）中也表现出更快、更好的表现。在这里，我们专注于两个额外的执行功能的任务，威斯康星州卡片分类测试（WCST）和侧卫任务，需要冲突监测和冲突解决。非转换者在速度和准确性方面优于转换者，并且在WCST中更善于发现和应用正确的规则。同样，在侧卫任务中，非转换者在冲突试验中表现得更快更好，并且在错误后有更高的纠正率。事件相关电位记录进一步揭示了一个更小的错误相关的消极的非转换器，作为一个更有效的自我监控系统的证据。我们的结论是，双语的语言性能，特别是切换行为，是与认知控制任务的性能。更好的认知控制，包括冲突监控，会减少无意切换。
Bilingual speakers are faced with the problem to keep their languages apart, but do so with interindividually varying success. Cognitive control abilities might be an important factor to explain such interindividual differences. Here we compare two late, balanced and highly proficient bilingual groups (mean age 24 years, L1 Russian, L2 German) which were established according to their language control abilities on a bilingual picture-naming task. One group had difficulties to remain in the instructed target language and switched unintentionally to the non-target language (“switchers”), whereas the other group rarely switched unintentionally (“non-switchers”). This group-specific behavior could not be explained by language background, socio-cultural, or demographic variables. Rather, the non-switchers also demonstrated a faster and better performance on four cognitive control tests (Tower of Hanoi, Ruff Figural Fluency Test, Divided Attention, Go/Nogo). Here, we focus on two additional executive function tasks, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Flanker task requiring conflict monitoring and conflict resolution. Non-switchers outperformed switchers with regard to speed and accuracy, and were better at finding and applying the correct rules in the WCST. Similarly, in the Flanker task non-switchers performed faster and better on conflict trials and had a higher correction rate following an error. Event-related potential recordings furthermore revealed a smaller error-related negativity in the non-switchers, taken as evidence for a more efficient self-monitoring system. We conclude that bilingual language performance, in particular switching behavior, is related to performance on cognitive control tasks. Better cognitive control, including conflict monitoring, results in decreased unintentional switching.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.34.2.302
发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Colzato, Lorenza S.;Bajo, Maria Teresa;Hommel, Bernhard
通讯作者：
Hommel, Bernhard
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
GEHRING, WJ;GOSS, B;DONCHIN, E
通讯作者：
DONCHIN, E
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Barceló, F;Periáñez, JA;Knight, RT
通讯作者：
Knight, RT
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bialystok, E;Martin, MM
通讯作者：
Martin, MM
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Costa, Albert;Hernandez, Mireia;Sebastian-Galles, Nuria
通讯作者：
Sebastian-Galles, Nuria