The complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus antarcticus (Hexapoda: Collembola).
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic springtail Cryptopygus antarcticus (Hexapoda: Collembola).
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南极Springtail Cryptopygus南极（Hexapoda：Collembola）的完整线粒体基因组。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-9-315
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Frati, Francesco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carapelli, Antonio;Comandi, Sara;Convey, Peter;Nardi, Francesco;Frati, Francesco
有丝分裂基因组学数据，即完整的线粒体基因组序列，是用于不同动物谱系的系统发育、地理分布和生态学研究的流行分子标记。它们的比较分析已被用来阐明给定类群的进化历史和调节线粒体基因组进化的分子过程。在无脊椎动物对极端环境条件的生物化学和生理生态适应方面，有相当多的文献可供查阅，例如南极洲的情况。然而，有限的分子数据可从陆地南极物种，这项研究是第一次尝试对线粒体基因组的描述，从南极洲最广泛和最常见的跳虫物种之一。在这项研究中，我们描述了线粒体基因组的南极跳虫Cryptopygus anarcticus威廉，1901年。该基因组包含通常存在于动物mtDNA中的37个基因的标准集合和对应于负责控制复制和转录的区域（富含A+ T）的大的非编码片段。所有的基因都是以泛甲壳纲的典型基因顺序排列的。三个额外的短非编码区存在于基因连接处。其中两个位于相反链上基因编码极性突变的位置，表明在多顺反子mRNA转录减弱中起作用。此外，在trnS（uga）和nad 1之间存在trnL（uag）的额外拷贝的残余。核苷酸组成偏向于高A%和T%（A+T = 70.9%），如通常在六足动物mtDNA中发现的。还有一个显著的链不对称性，J链在A和C中更丰富。在富含A+ T的区域内，一些短序列片段似乎与参与果蝇mtDNA N链复制起点的片段相似（在位置和一级序列上）。C.虽然不寻常的非编码区的存在也暗示了可能在主要跳虫科分化之前发生的分子重排，但安氏跳虫与其他泛甲壳动物基因组有几个共同特征。基因边界的仔细检查也证实了以前的观察不寻常的起始和终止密码子的存在下，并建议tRNA二级结构的作用，作为潜在的切割信号参与初级转录的成熟。可能参与复制/转录调控的序列存在于基因组的A+ T富集区和其他区域。它们的位置是类似的，在有限数量的昆虫物种中观察到的，这表明独特的复制/转录机制的基础和衍生的六足动物谱系。本研究首次描述和鉴定了C. anaiticus将构成调查南极洲和南半球其他地区最具物种的弹尾虫属之一的进化历史的必要基础先决条件。
Mitogenomics data, i.e. complete mitochondrial genome sequences, are popular molecular markers used for phylogenetic, phylogeographic and ecological studies in different animal lineages. Their comparative analysis has been used to shed light on the evolutionary history of given taxa and on the molecular processes that regulate the evolution of the mitochondrial genome. A considerable literature is available in the fields of invertebrate biochemical and ecophysiological adaptation to extreme environmental conditions, exemplified by those of the Antarctic. Nevertheless, limited molecular data are available from terrestrial Antarctic species, and this study represents the first attempt towards the description of a mitochondrial genome from one of the most widespread and common collembolan species of Antarctica. In this study we describe the mitochondrial genome of the Antarctic collembolan Cryptopygus antarcticus Willem, 1901. The genome contains the standard set of 37 genes usually present in animal mtDNAs and a large non-coding fragment putatively corresponding to the region (A+T-rich) responsible for the control of replication and transcription. All genes are arranged in the gene order typical of Pancrustacea. Three additional short non-coding regions are present at gene junctions. Two of these are located in positions of abrupt shift of the coding polarity of genes oriented on opposite strands suggesting a role in the attenuation of the polycistronic mRNA transcription(s). In addition, remnants of an additional copy of trnL(uag) are present between trnS(uga) and nad1. Nucleotide composition is biased towards a high A% and T% (A+T = 70.9%), as typically found in hexapod mtDNAs. There is also a significant strand asymmetry, with the J-strand being more abundant in A and C. Within the A+T-rich region, some short sequence fragments appear to be similar (in position and primary sequence) to those involved in the origin of the N-strand replication of the Drosophila mtDNA. The mitochondrial genome of C. antarcticus shares several features with other pancrustacean genomes, although the presence of unusual non-coding regions is also suggestive of molecular rearrangements that probably occurred before the differentiation of major collembolan families. Closer examination of gene boundaries also confirms previous observations on the presence of unusual start and stop codons, and suggests a role for tRNA secondary structures as potential cleavage signals involved in the maturation of the primary transcript. Sequences potentially involved in the regulation of replication/transcription are present both in the A+T-rich region and in other areas of the genome. Their position is similar to that observed in a limited number of insect species, suggesting unique replication/transcription mechanisms for basal and derived hexapod lineages. This initial description and characterization of the mitochondrial genome of C. antarcticus will constitute the essential foundation prerequisite for investigations of the evolutionary history of one of the most speciose collembolan genera present in Antarctica and other localities of the Southern Hemisphere.
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影响因子：
3.7
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影响因子：
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Carapelli, Antonio;Lio, Pietro;Nardi, Francesco;van der Wath, Elizabeth;Frati, Francesco
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Frati, Francesco
影响因子：
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FernandezSilva, P;MartinezAzorin, F;Attardi, G
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